p-vale Flashcards
5 papers, viewpoints, history, etc. (5 cards)
1
Q
Key takeaways Fisher, 1926
A
- Wrote about the arrangement of field experiments
- the concept of randomization as a critical method for controlling bias in field experiments
- discussed the importance of random assignment of treatments to experimental units to ensure validity
- the use of replication and blocking to reduce variability and increase the precision of estimates
- the 0.05 rule came out of this paper, although, slightly misinterpreted and not his intention
2
Q
Key takeaways Peter Hall and Ben Selinger, 1986
A
- social scientists have been suspicious of the 0.05 rule
- discussed how Fisher had an unclear line of when the 5% principle was appropriate vs. inappropriate
- discussion: (1) scientists are generally far more stringent than their fellow citizens, (2) the legal system is far more flexible than the traditional scientific one
3
Q
Key takeaways Ronald L. Wasserstein and Nicole A. Lazar, 2016
A
- ASA statement on p-values
- circle of how it is being used because it is being taught AND it is being taught because it is being used
- statistic community has been concerned about issues of reproducibility and replicability
- ASA agreed that the p-value is useful, bit is commonly misused and misinterpreted
4
Q
Key takeaways Ronald L Wasserstein, Allen L. Schirm, Nicole A. Lazar, 2019
A
- the use of the p-value threshold is useful in some contexts, but led to misinterpretations and a lack of scientific conclusions
- argues we can move beyond this binary approach of significant or not significant
- alternative strategies such as effect sizes, confidence intervals, context
- ATOM (Accept uncertainty, be Thoughtful, Open, and Modest
5
Q
Key takeaways Elliot Inman, 2019
A
- p < 0.05 can lead to binary results
- advocating for alternatives
- the need to think critically about the broader context of data