P&W : Forces on Charged particles

Question 1

Electrical Field

Answer 1

A region of space around a charge where another charge will experience a force.

Question 2

What does charged particles experinece in an electric field

Answer 2

Charged particles experience a force in an electric field.

Question 3

What does closer together lines mean in electric field patterns

Answer 3

Stronger electric field

Question 4

Define Voltage (Potential Difference)

Answer 4

The potential difference, V, between two points is the work done in moving unit positive charge
(1 coloumb) between two points.

Question 5

Magnetic field

Answer 5

A region of space around a magnet where another magnet will experience a force

Question 6

Why does particle accelerators use an alternating voltage

Answer 6

To keep the particles moving in the correct direction.

Question 7

Linear Accelerator

Answer 7

Consists of hollow metal tubes placed in a vacuum.

Charged particles are accelerated across the gaps between the tubes. They do not accelerate within the tubes

Question 8

Cyclotron

Answer 8

Cyclotrons are more compact than LINACs and can accelerate particles to greater energies.​

The charged particles are accelerated by alternating electric fields and deflected by magnetic fields so that they follow a spiral path.

Question 9

All particle accelerators have the following in common:

Answer 9

Electrical fields are usually used to increase the speed of the particles. The force is constant in a uniform electric field so the particles are accelerated in a straight line.

Magnetic fields are used to control the direction of particle beams. The force when cutting a magnetic field acts perpendicular to the direction of travel of the particle and therfore changes as the particle travels in a circular path.

Very fast and therfore high-energy particles then collide with a stationary target or other moving particles to disintegrate and reveal their internal composition.