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Working scientifically > P1 Energy > Flashcards

P1 Energy Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

What are the different types of energy stores?

A 
Kinetic
Gravitational potential
elastic
thermal
electrostatic
magnetic
nuclear
chemical
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2
Q

What are the type of energy transfers?

A

Mechanical
Electrical
Thermal
Radiation (light and sound)

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3
Q

What is work done?

A

Energy transferred

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4
Q

What is a closed system?

A

A system where no energy or objects can move in and out

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5
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

1/2 x mass x v^2

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6
Q

What is the equation for gravitational potential energy?

A

Mass (kg) x gravitational field strength (N/kg) x height (m)

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7
Q

What is the equation for elastic energy?

A

1/2 x spring constant x extension^2

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8
Q

What is the conservation of energy?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred from one source to the other

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9
Q

What does it mean when energy dissipates?

A

Wasted to the surroundings

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10
Q

What is the specific heat capacity of an object?

A

The amount of energy required to increase the temperature of 1 kg of object by 1 degrees

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11
Q

What is the equation of power?

A

Work done / time

Energy transferred / time

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12
Q

What are the units of power?

A

Watt

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13
Q

How do you calculate the efficiency?

A

Useful output energy / total input energy

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14
Q

What is conduction?

A

Process where vibrating particles transfer energy to neighbouring particles

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15
Q

What is convection

A

Where energetic particles move from hotter to cooler regions

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16
Q

What moves in conduction?

A

Energy transfers

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17
Q

What moves in convection?

A

Particles themselves

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18
Q

What are two ways to reduce unwanted energy transfer

A

Thermal insulation and lubrication

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19
Q

Lubrication prevents …

A

Energy dissipation from friction

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20
Q

Thermal insulation prevents …

A

Energy dissipation from heating

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21
Q

What are two ways to decrease how quickly building cools?

A

Make the walls thicker

Make the walls out of material which have low thermal conductivity

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22
Q

What does low thermal conductivity mean?

A

Don’t conduct energy well

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23
Q

What are non-renewable energy resources?

A

Resources that are used up faster than being produced

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24
Q

What are renewable energy resources?

Study These Flashcards
A

Energy resources that will not run out

25
Is fossil fuel renewable or non-renable?
Non-renewable
26
What are the three types of fossil fuels?
Coal, oil (petrol/diesel) and gas
27
What are fossil fuels used for?
To generate electricity
28
What are the disadvantages of fossil fuels?
They release CO2 and NO and SO2
29
Why is carbon dioxide which is released by burning fossil fuels bad?
it will contribute to global warming
30
Why are nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide which are released by burning fossil fuels bad?
They cause acidic rain which can damage plants, kill sea-life and corrode statues and buildings
31
What are the advantages of burning fossil fuels?
It is a reliable energy source
32
Is nuclear power renewable or non-renewable?
Non-renewable
33
How is nuclear power generated?
Fission of nuclear fuel
34
What are the disadvantages of nuclear power?
There are risks of accidents and it is difficult to dispose of nuclear waste
35
What are the advantages of nuclear power?
It is a reliable energy source
36
What are the advantages of wind power?
It is renawable and no pollution is produced
37
What are the disadvantages of wind power?
It is unreliable as there is not always wind Noisy Spoils the view
38
Name the types of renewable energy sources?
``` Hydroelectric power Wave power Solar power Wind power Geothermal power ```
39
Name the types of non-renewable energy sources
Fossil fuels and nuclear power
40
How does solar power work?
Use sunlight energy to generate electricity
41
What are the advantages of solar power?
It produces no pollution
42
How does geothermal power work?
Use thermal energy from the earth's core to generate electricity
43
What are the advantages of geothermal power?
Reliable and no damage is being done to the environment
44
How does hydro-electric power work?
Water moves through turbines which generate electricity
45
What are the disadvantages of hydro-electric power?
Rotten plants will produce methane and CO2 which can cause global warming
46
What are the advantages of hydro-electric power?
Produces no pollution
47
How does wave power work?
Waves move up and down causing air to move through the turbine which generate electricity
48
What are the disadvantages of wave power?
Unreliable Spoil view Disrupt sea animal habitats
49
What is the advantage of wave power?
Produces no pollution
50
What is tidal power?
Using tides to go through turbines and generate electricity
51
What are the advantages of tidal power?
Produces no pollution Renewable Reliable
52
What are the disadvantages of tidal power?
Destroy habitats and spoil the view
53
What is biofuel power?
Using plants and animal dung to burn and generate electricity
54
What are the disadvantages of biofuel power?
Destroys habitat
55
Why was there an increase in energy use from 1900-2000?
Population grew | Industrial revolution
56
Why was there a decrease in energy use from 2000 onwards?
Appliances are more efficient | People are more careful with amount of energy used
57
What are the three reasons for using renewables?
Burning fossil fuels damages the environment We need to think of things before non renewables run out Government is pressurised unto introducing renawables
58
What is the equation for specific heat capacity?
Energy transferred = mass x heat capacity x change in temperature

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