P1 - Particle Model of Matter Flashcards
What are the three states of matter ?
Solid, liquid and gas.
How are particles arranged in a solid ?
Held close together by strong forces in a regular, fixed pattern and particles don’t have much energy so they can only vibrate around a fixed position.
How are particles arranged in a liquid ?
Held close together in an irregular pattern and particles have more energy than in a solid, allowing them to move past each other in random directions at low speeds.
How are particles arranged in a gas ?
Aren’t close together, with no forces between them and particles have more energy than in a solid or liquid, allowing them to constantly move around in random directions at a range of speeds.
What actually does density tell you ?
How much mass is in a given volume of space. The equation is density = mass ÷ volume.
What are the units for density ?
Kg/m^3
How can you find the volume of a regular object ?
Using a ruler measure the width, height and length and multiply them all together.
How can you find the volume of an irregular object ?
Fill a graduated cylinder with water and fully submerge the object in the water and measure the displacement to find the volume.
How should you find the density of a solid ?
Measure the volume and use a balance to measure it’s mass and then do mass ÷ volume
How can you find the density of a liquid ?
Put a measuring cylinder on a balance and zero the balance, pour 10ml water in and measure the mass and volume, keeping doing this - adding 10ml each time, and calculating the density, until it’s full. Take an average of all your density measurements for an accurate result.
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