p3

Question 1

name the three states of matter

Answer 1

• solid
• liquid
• gas

Question 2

describe the properties of a solid

Answer 2

• very close together
• arranged in a regular pattern
• particles vibrate

Question 3

describe the properties of a liquid

Answer 3

• close together
• particles are not arranged in a regular pattern
• particles move around

Question 4

describe the properties of a gas

Answer 4

• very far apart
• not arranged in any pattern
• particles move around rapidly

Question 5

state the state of matters in order of density (low to high)

Answer 5

• gas, liquid, solid

Question 6

what is the process for when a liquid turns into a solid?

Answer 6

freezing

Question 7

what is the process for when a liquid turns into a gas?

Answer 7

evaporation

Question 8

what is the process for when a gas turns into a liquid?

Answer 8

condensation

Question 9

what is the process for when a solid turns into a liquid?

Answer 9

melting

Question 10

what happens to the pressure of particles when you increase the temperature?

Answer 10

• pressure increases as particles collide more successfully, with enough energy and at a high frequency.

Question 11

what is meant by internal energy?

Answer 11

• the total kinetic energy and potential energy of all the particles in a system.

Question 12

what happens to the internal energy if you heat a system?

Answer 12

• the temperature increases
• particles gain energy to speed up

Question 13

why is mass conserved when a change of state occurs?

Answer 13

• as the number of particles do not change

Question 14

what is meant by specific latent heat?

Answer 14

• the amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of the substance with NO change in temperature.

Question 15

what is the difference between the specific latent heat of fusion and the specific latent heat of vaporisation?

Answer 15

• specific latent heat of fusion is when the energy required to change 1kg of a substance from a SOLID to a LIQUID with no change in temperature.
• specific latent heat of vaporisation is when the energy required to
  change 1kg of a substance from a LIQUID to a VAPOUR with no change in temperature.

Question 16

what is density?

Answer 16

• the amount of mass in a volume
• it tells us how tightly matter is packed together

Question 17

what is mass?

Answer 17

• how much matter is in an object

Question 18

what piece of equipment is used to measure the mass of an object?

Answer 18

• a mass balance

Question 19

what is the density equation?

Answer 19

• density = mass/volume

Question 20

how do you calculate the density of a regular object?

Answer 20

1. measure the mass using a mass balance.
2. use a ruler to measure the length, width and height. mark these to find the volume.
3. use the equation = density = mass/volume to find the density.

Question 21

how do you calculate the density of an irregular object?

Answer 21

1. measure the mass using a mass balance.
2. fill the eureka can up to sprout with water.
3. put the measuring cylinder under the sprout.
4. place the object in a eureka can
5. there will be displaced water in the cylinder, which is the volume.
6. use the equation = density = mass/volume to find the density.

Question 22

what is the process for when a solid turns into a gas?

Answer 22

• sublimation