P3: Singular/Plural nouns/verbs/pronouns (ch21-22) Flashcards
(124 cards)
1
Q
Plural regular noun
A
- Regular: noun +s (plural noun more than one)
2
Q
plural calf
A
calves
3
Q
plural cargo
A
cargoes
4
Q
Irregular plural man
A
men
5
Q
‘Foreign’ nouns (3)
A
- -es (basis - bases)
- -i (cactus - cacti)
- -a (medium - media/stadium - stadia)
6
Q
Plural singular noun
A
Singular noun: when noun is a combination preceeded by number + ‘-‘
(two-hour journey)
7
Q
Plural noun ending on hissing sound
A
- End hissing: noun + es
8
Q
Plural noun ending on -y
A
- End consonant + y: noun + ies
2. End vowel + y: noun + s
9
Q
Plural noun ending on -o
A
- consonant +o: noun + es (exceptions!)
2. vowel+o: noun + s
10
Q
plural noun ending on -f
A
noun + s (exceptions!)
11
Q
Plural abbreviations
A
abbreviation +s
12
Q
Plural dates
A
date/year +s
13
Q
Plural half
A
halves
14
Q
plural knife
A
knives
15
Q
plural leaf
A
leaves
16
Q
plural life
A
lives
17
Q
plural loaf
A
loaves
18
Q
plural shelf
A
shelves
19
Q
plural thief
A
thieves
20
Q
plural wife
A
wives
21
Q
plural wolf
A
wolves
22
Q
plural handkerchief
A
handkerchiefs
handkerchieves
23
Q
plural scarf
A
scarfs/scarves
24
Q
plural potato
A
potatoes
25
plural tomato
tomatoes
26
plural hero
heroes
27
plural negro
negroes
28
plural echo
echoes
29
plural woman
women (irregular)
30
plural goose
geese (irregular)
31
plural tooth
teeth (irregular)
32
plural foot
feet (irregular)
33
plural child
children (irregular)
34
plural louse
lice (irregular)
35
plural mouse
mice (irregular)
36
Female actor
actress
37
Female heir
heiress
38
Female host
hostess
39
Female waiter
waitress
40
Female duke
duchess
41
Female prince
princess
42
Female count
countess
43
Female widower
widow
44
Female hero
heroine
45
Female (bride)groom
bride
46
Female policeman
policewoman
47
Female salesman
saleswoman/salesgirl
48
Female chairman
chairwoman
49
Female spokesman
spoleswoman
50
Female nephew
niece
51
Female fiancé
fiancée
52
Female doctor
doctor
53
male nurse
nurse
54
plural basis
bases
55
plural crisis
crises
56
plural oasis
oases
57
plural analysis
analyses
58
plural thesis
theses
59
plural hypothesis
hypotheses
60
plural stimulus
stimuli
61
plural cactus
cacti
| cactuses
62
plural terminus
termini
| terminuses
63
plural aquarium
aquariums
| aquaria
64
plural referendum
referendums
| referenda
65
plural bacterium
bacteria
66
plural medium
media
67
plural curriculum
curricula
| curriculums
68
plural stadium
stadia
| stadiums
69
plural criterion
criteria
70
plural phenomenon
phenomena
71
plural sheep
sheep
72
plural deer
deer
73
plural fish
fish
74
plural series
series
75
plural means
means
76
plural barracks
barracks
77
plural works
works
78
plural headquarters
headquarters
79
plural Japanese
Japanese
80
plural Chinese
Chinese
81
plural Vietnamese
Vietnamese
82
plural Portuguese
Portuguese
83
plural Swiss
Swiss
84
plural craft
craft
85
plural spacecraft
spacecraft
86
plural aircraft
aircraft
87
objects consisting of two equal parts
- Always plural
| - a/an or number => use pair of..
88
spijkerbroek
jeans (consisting of two equal parts)
89
broek
trousers (consisting of two equal parts)
90
korte broek
shorts (consisting of two equal parts)
91
pyjama
pyjamas (consisting of two equal parts)
92
onderbroek
(under)pants (consisting of two equal parts)
93
damesslip
knickers (consisting of two equal parts)
94
panty
tights (consisting of two equal parts)
95
bril
spectacles (consisting of two equal parts)
96
bril/verrekijker/toneelkijker
glasses (consisting of two equal parts)
97
verrekijker
binoculars (consisting of two equal parts)
98
schaar
scissors (consisting of two equal parts)
99
pincet
tweezers (consisting of two equal parts)
100
nijptang
pincers (consisting of two equal parts)
101
passer
compasses (consisting of two equal parts)
102
nouns always plural => (verb)
plural verb & pronouns
| the police have arrested him
103
plural contents
contents
104
plural people
people
105
plural cattle
cattle
106
plural customs
customs
107
plural surroundings
surroundings
108
plural proceeds
proceeds
109
plural premises
premises
110
plural damages
damages
111
plural headquarters
headquarters
112
plural staff
staff
113
plural wages
wages
114
plural savings
savings
115
plural business
1. business (= zaken: always single & uncountable)
| 2. businesses (=bedrijven/winkels)
116
plural advice
advice (always single & uncountable)
117
plural information
information (always single & uncountable)
118
plural furniture
furniture (always single & uncountable)
119
plural progress
progress (always single & uncountable)
120
nouns ending on -ics
always singular
| Mathematics, Economics (school subject or science)
121
The United States + verb/pronoun form
singular verb
| The U.S. has sent troops
122
The Netherlands/The United Nations + verb/pronoun form
singular + plural verb
The U.N. has adopted the resolution/ The U.N. have adopted a resolution.
PS addresses always without 'the'!
123
collective noun + verb/pronoun form (2)
1. singular if referred to a team/group/unit
| 2. plural if referred to a group of individuals
124
a number of + verb form
always plural
| A number of women have applied for this job
