P5

Question 1

What are the two types of waves?

Answer 1

Transverse and Longitudinal waves

Question 2

What is an example of transverse waves?

Answer 2

ripples on the surface of water

Question 3

What is an example of longitudinal waves?

Answer 3

sound waves travelling in the air

Question 4

What do all waves do?

Answer 4

transfer energy from one place to another

Question 5

What type of energy do ripples in the water transfer?

Answer 5

Kinetic energy

Question 6

what type of energy do sound waves transfer?

Answer 6

sound energy

Question 7

What is transverse wave?

Answer 7

a wave that is moving up and down in a moment called oscillation. These movements are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

Question 8

What is a longitudinal wave?

Answer 8

Particles moving from side to side. the oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer

Question 9

compressions?

Answer 9

regions in longitudinal waves where the air particles are very close together

Question 10

rarefactions?

Answer 10

regions in longitudinal waves where the particles are spaced out

Question 11

What do all longitudinal waves require to travel in?

Answer 11

a medium such as air, liquid or a solid

Question 12

What part of the ripples on a water surface travels??

Answer 12

it is the wave that travels and not the water or air
e.g. shaking a slinky

Question 13

Amplitude?

Answer 13

the maximum displacement of a point on a wave away from its undisturbed position (middle)
(half of the wave)

Question 14

Wavelength?

Answer 14

the distance from a point on one wave to the equivalent point on the adjacent wave
(e.g. top of both waves)

Question 15

how to measure the wavelength on a longitudinal wave?

Answer 15

from one compression to the next compression

or from one rarefaction to the next rarefaction

Question 16

Frequency?

Answer 16

the number of waves passing a point each second (Hz)

Question 17

period?

Answer 17

time in seconds for one wave to pass a point

Question 18

Wave speed?

Answer 18

speed at which the wave moves through the medium (speed at which energy is transferred

Question 19

wave speed=?

Answer 19

frequency (hz) x wavelength (m)

Question 20

a method to calculate the speed of sound waves in air?

Answer 20

2 people stand 500m apart
person A holds a pair of cymbals and person B holds a timer. person B starts timing when they see person A hit the cymbals together and stops it when they hear it. The calculate the speed of sound waves by dividing the distance travelled by the time taken

Question 21

2 problems of the method to calculate the speed of sound waves?

Answer 21

every person has a different reaction time
the time between the symbols clashing and hearing the sound is very short.

Question 22

what type of waves are electromagnetic waves?

Answer 22

transverse

Question 23

List of colours on the spectrum from lowest frequency and longer wavelength, to higher frequency and shorter wavelength

Answer 23

1) Red
2) Orange
3) Yellow
4) Green
5) Blue
6) Indigo
7) Violet

Question 24

What type of wave has the lowest frequency and lowest wavelength?

Answer 24

Radio waves

Question 25

What type of wave has the highest frequency and shortest wavelength?

Answer 25

Gamma rays

Question 26

What speed do all electromagnetic waves travel at?

Answer 26

3 X 108 m/s

Question 27

What causes light to appear to change direction as it passes through the water?

Answer 27

refraction

Question 28

What causes refraction (glass of water)?

Answer 28

waves can change direction when they change speed (velocity) moving from one medium to another

Question 29

Wave front?

Answer 29

an imaginary line that connects all the same points in a set of waves
e.g. the water surface in a glass

Question 30

What happens to the wavefront when it enters a glass of water?

Answer 30

it slows down and the lines become closer together

Question 31

What happens when we heat atoms?

Answer 31

we cause electrons to move from one energy level to another higher one, so when it returns to its original level, it generates an electromagnetic wave

Question 32

What 3 types of waves are very hazardous to the body?

Answer 32

Ultraviolet waves
X-rays
Gamma rays

Question 33

What risks do ultraviolet waves cause to humans?

Answer 33

skin cancer
skin to age prematurely

Question 34

What do x-rays and gamma rays do when they are absorbed?

Answer 34

they knock electron atoms off, leading to mutation of genes and risk of cancer

Question 35

What is the dose of radiation measure in?

Answer 35

sieverts(Sv) or millisieverts (mSv)