Paeds Flashcards
(82 cards)
What are epstein’s pearls?
They are also known as gingival cysts. They are formed of keratin and found on the gingivae as small white cysts. They are nothing to worry about, can reassure parents
What is congenital epulis
benign tumor of the oral cavity, is an extremely rare condition in newborn. It may lead to mechanical obstruction, therefore resulting in respiratory distress and difficulty in feeding
Does congenital epulis require excision?
It depends. If it is interfering with feeding or traumatised, May require excision.
What are Natal and neonatal teeth?
Natal - present at birth
Neonatal - teeth erupted within the first month of life (premature)
Which tooth is most likely to be neonatal?
Usually lower central incisors
Possible treatment options for natal or neonatal teeth?
Usually doesn’t require treatment, only if it causing ulcers (usually on the under surface of tongue)
- smooth out the teeth, removing is rare
Eruption cysts usually appear blue , why? What treatment for eruption cysts?
Filled with blood. Do not require treatment usually as the cysts disappears as the tooth erupts
When do teeth start to form?
Week 5 of intra uterine life (IUL)
When does hard tissue formation start?
Starts at 13 weeks
What is the most likely cause of defects in the primary dentition?
Difficult pregnancy for the mother or complications at birth
Need to know dates of calcification of crowns at birth
At birth,
Half of central incisors calcified
Third of lateral incisors
Tip of primary canines
Half of first primary molars
Third of second primary molars
Tip of cusps of first permanent molars
Explain the theory of eruption due to resorption of the overlying hard tissue
Dental follicle contains enzymes that intimate osteoclastic action, remodelling overlying bone and clearing a path for tooth eruption
Tooth pushes into mouth due to what
Possible theories
- root elongation
- Cellular proliferation at the apex of the tooth
- Localised change in blood pressure
- Metabolic activity within the PDL
When does eruption stop?
It only stops when the tooth comes into contact with something else otherwise it’ll continue erupting through life
Why does tooth eruption occur throughout life?
To compensate for vertical growth of the jaws
tooth wear
Which primary tooth is the exception when it comes to eruption order?
Usually lowers before uppers except the lateral incisors , uppers before lowers
When do the primary teeth erupt?
A - 6 - 12months
B - 9 - 16 months
D - 13- 19 months
C - 16 - 23 months
E - 23 - 33 months
Teeth of the same series erupt within 3 months of their contra lateral tooth
What age is primary dentition complete by usually?
2.5 - 3 years old
What are some differences between primary and permanent teeth ?
Primary molar crowns more bulbous
Primary incisor crowns and roots smaller
Primary molars are wider mesiodistally for leeway space
Primary teeth are usually whiter in colour
Primary incisors more upright while permanent incisors more proclined
What is present on an upper 2nd primary molar?
Transverse ridge
What is present on both upper and lower 1st primary molars
Prominent mesiobuccal tubercle
3 characteristics of primary roots
Narrower
Longer
Slender
Flared at the apex ( claw shape)
Why is pulpal exposure more likely in primary then permanent teeth
The pulp horns extend high occlusally, very close to the enamel
Large pulp chambers
Why is it impossible to do a complete rct of primary teeth
Too many ribbon like small accessory canals interconnecting
