Paeds book

Question 1

What’re the clinical features of Teralogy of Fallot?

Answer 1

Cyanosis (most common cause) - relived by squatting

Ejection systolic mumur

Anatomical features: Large VSD, Right ventricular outflow obsturction, Aorta over-riding the ventircular septum, right ventricular hypertrophy

Question 2

3 weeks old. Ejection systolic mumur + hypertension, difficult to feal femoral pulses

Answer 2

Coarctiation of the aorta

Question 3

Question 4

CXR - ground glass appearance, respiratory distress + mecanical ventilation

Answer 4

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Question 5

<6 months old, fever, seizures. What should be investiagted for? What can be done on examination?

Answer 5

Meningitis

Buldging Fontanelle (indicates raised intracranial pressure)

Question 6

5 month old wheeze, repiratory distress after a cold

Answer 6

Bronchiolitis

Question 7

7 YO. Hepatosplenomegaly, non-blanching rash. Hb 7, platelet 30 x 10^9

Answer 7

Acute Leukaemia

Question 8

5 y.o. Jaundice, anaemic, Hb 9 Jaundice as a baby

Answer 8

Spherocytosis

Question 9

18 month old, eczma + fequently wheeze + loose stools despite changing from cows milk to soya

Answer 9

Food intolerence - Most children who have cows milk intolerence are also allergic to soya

Question 10

Fever + seizure?

Answer 10

Meningitis or Encephalitis

Febrile convulsions are a diagnosis of exclusion!!

Question 11

What’re the common causes of acute Seizure?

Answer 11

Febrile Convulsions

Epilepsy

Hypoglycaemia

Uncommon - meningitis / head injury / cerebral tumour

Question 12

7 yo. limp and pain in hip and knee. Antalgic gait and Xray shows collapse of the femoral head

Answer 12

Perthes Disease

Question 13

What causes Mumps?

Answer 13

Paramyxovirus

Question 14

What causes Scarlet Fever?

Answer 14

Streprococcus Pyogenes

Question 15

What is pertussis?

Answer 15

Whooping cough

Question 16

What is Flucloxacillin given prophylactically for?

Answer 16

CF

Question 17

What is Penicillin given prophylactically for?

Answer 17

Splenectomy - to prevent infections from capsulated bacteria

Question 18

15 day old, born 30weeks. Formula fed. Abdo distension, bilious aspirate + AXR shows dilated loops of gas in the bowel wall

Answer 18

Crohn’s Disease

Question 19

16 month old. Delayed milestones. Increased tone in all limbs + brisk reflexes. No abnormal movements

Answer 19

Spastic cerebral palsy

Question 20

10 year old, hx of weakness in the legs, now involving upper limbs. Decreased tone, no reflexes

Answer 20

Guillian Barre syndrome

Question 21

What is the immediate treatment plan for a child with croup with stridor?

Answer 21

Oral Dexathethasone

Question 22

What congenital infection causes sensorineuronal loss?

Answer 22

Congenital Rubella