pain control Flashcards
(89 cards)
nociceptive pain
body pain, visceral
which kind of pain responds to opiates
nociceptive
neuropathic pain
no location, pain created by overfilling of nerve
nociception involves what four things
stimulation, transmission, perception, modulation
transmission has to do with
action potential moving from site of stimulus to dorsal horn of spinal column, then to CNS
a delta
large diameter , sparsely myelinated
perception of pain
conscious experience of pain
pain is relayed through
thalamus and higher cortical structures
modulation of pain
inhibition of impulses via the brain stem. how you deal with it. examples are endogenous opioids, serotonin, NE, GABA
neuropathic pain is
abnormal processing of sensory input
chronic pain
> 3 months or past the time of normal tissue healing
what are the receptors of opioids
delta, kappa, mu, nociceptive
where are opiod receptors located
brain, spinal cord, GI tract
delta
brain & peripheral nerves. analgesia. antidepressant. dependence
kappa
brain, spinal cord, periphery. analgesia. sedation, mitosis, dysphoria, ADH inhibition
primary target for opiates is
mu
MU 1
analgesia and dependence
MU 2 is most known for
side effects
MU 2 effects
resp depression, euphoria, reduced GI motility, dependence
MU 3 effects
unknown
nociceptive receptor
brain, spinal cord. anxiety depression, appetite, tolerance to MU agonists
2 ways opiates cause a reduced pain experience
pre-synaptic and post-synaptic
how do opiates cause a reduced pain experience pre-synaptic
opiate binds to mu receptor and reduces the release of neurotransmitters that participate in the perception of pain. by releasing calcium
how do opiates cause a reduced pain experience post-synaptic
opiate increases the effux of K so action potential is pushed into hyper polarization and it will take a greater signal to kickstart a pain impulse(changes electric field)
