Pain Management

Question 1

The number one reason for healthcare

Answer 1

Pain management

Question 2

______ is subjective and whatever the person says it is (personal)

Answer 2

Pain

Question 3

Pain is expressed in what ways?

Answer 3

Physiologically, verbally, and nonverbally

Question 4

Physiological ways pain can be seen

Answer 4

Vital signs

Question 5

Pain is unique due to ……

Answer 5

Genetic makeup

Question 6

Pain can be a warning of

Answer 6

Disease

Question 7

Types of pain

Answer 7

1. Acute
2. Persistent (chronic)
3. Cancer
4. Nociceptive
5. Neuropathic

Question 8

Acute pain is described as

Answer 8

Short - Seconds to 3 months

Question 9

Persistent or chronic pain is described as

Answer 9

Long term. 3 to 6 months or more. Considered a disease on its own

Question 10

Cancer pain is described as…..

Answer 10

Acute or chronic. Direct or indirect from cancer. Difficult to treat

Question 11

Nociceptive pain is described as…..

Answer 11

Somatic or visceral

Question 12

Somatic pain is …..

Answer 12

Bone, tissue, muscle, joint pain (i.e. easily pinpointed)

Question 13

Visceral pain is described as…..

Answer 13

Organ pain. Poorly localized. Experienced as cramps, deep, and heavy. Physiological like heart or stomach

Question 14

Neuropathic pain is described as…..

Answer 14

Damaged nerves, abnormal sensory input. Ex. diabetic neuropathy

Question 15

Abnormal pain signaling resulting in perceived pain from mild, non-painful stimuli

Answer 15

Allodynia

Question 16

Lower pain threshold. It is an exaggerated response to normal painful stimuli. A heightened pain response.

Answer 16

Hyperalgesia

Question 17

Nervous system adaptation as a result of tissue injury and inflammation.

Answer 17

Nervous System Sensitization

Question 18

Complete or partial collapse of lung

Answer 18

Atelectasis

Question 19

Allodynia and hyperalgesia are consequences of…..

Answer 19

Unrelieved pain

Question 20

Tendency to have thrombosis

Answer 20

Hypercoagulability

Question 21

During fight or flight, what happens to blood

Answer 21

Blood leaves the extremities

Question 22

Physiolocial responses to pain

Answer 22

Increased pulse
Increased respiration
Pallor
Anorexia
Fatigue
Hyperglycemia

Question 23

Physical assessment of pain

Answer 23

Inspection first (limping etc.) then palpation

Question 24

Characteristics of pain

Answer 24

Onset
Location
Duration
Quality (stabbing, throbbing)
Intensity (pain scale)
Aggravates / alleviates

Question 25

Accurate history Physiologic responses to pain Assessment to behavioral responses to pain What makes pain better or worse?

Answer 25

Nursing assessment of pain

Question 26

Language translation program

Answer 26

CyraCom

Question 27

Cognitively impaired may only exhibit pain

Answer 27

Behaviorally

Question 28

Patients with chronic pain may....

Answer 28

not express pain as those with acute pain. Can appear relaxed and be able to sleep

Question 29

Factors affecting healthcare

Answer 29

Healthcare professional performing poor assessments Healthcare institution not able to provide all types of pain relief Lack of access to treatment or gov't restrictions of controlled substances

Question 30

Patients do not realize they are.....

Answer 30

...experts about their own pain

Question 31

A medication that is not primarily designed to control pain but can be used for this purpose

Answer 31

Adjuvant analgesics

Question 32

A group of drugs such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants, corticosteroids, neuroleptics, and other drugs with narrower adjuvant functions

Answer 32

Adjuvant drugs

Question 33

A substance which enhances the body's immune response to an antigen

Answer 33

Adjuvant

Question 34

MOSS

Answer 34

Michigan Opioids Sedation Scale

Question 35

Sedation Scale

Answer 35

1. Awake & alert 2. Slightly drowsy, easily aroused 3. Frequently drowsy, arousable but drifts off to sleep during conversation 4. Somnolent, minimal or not response to physical stimuli

Question 36

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

Answer 36

TENS

Question 37

For pain relief: Heat up to.... Cold up to.....

Answer 37

Heat up to 30 minutes | Cold up to 20 minutes

Question 38

Non-pharmacological pain management

Answer 38

``` Distraction Relaxation Imagery Biofeedback - learning voluntary control over automatic functions (Learning to slow down BP) ```