Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FUNDA > Pain Management & Loss, Grieving and Death > Flashcards

Pain Management & Loss, Grieving and Death Flashcards

1
Q

a sensation where a person experiences discomfort, distress or suffering due to overstimulation of sensory nerves

A

Pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the 3 major components of the nervous system

A

Peripheral nerves (transmission stage)
Spinal cord (transduction stage)
Brain (interpretation stage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The brain responds to pain by sending messages that moderate the pain in the spinal cord the descending control system.
This system is active through out to inhibit pain by producing endorphins

A

Descending Control System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pain may be described in terms of what

A

location
duration
intensity
etiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

For ex-ample, cardiac pain may be felt in the shoulder or left arm, with or without chest pain

A

referred pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

often perceived in an area remote from the organ causing the pain

A

visceral pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When pain lasts only through the expected recovery period

A

acute pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

also known as persistent pain, is prolonged, usually recurring or lasting 3 months or longer, and interferes with functioning

A

chronic pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

may result from the direct effects of the disease and its treatment, or it may be unrelated

A

cancer pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

mild pain are what numbers from 1-10

A

1-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

moderate pain are what numbers from 1-10

A

4-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

severe pain are what numbers from 1-10

A

7-10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Designating types of pain by etiology can be done under the broad categories of

A

nociceptive pain and neuropathic pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

experienced when an intact, properly functioning nervous system sends signals that tissues are damaged, requiring attention and proper care

A

Nociceptive pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

originates in the skin, muscles, bone, or connective tissue. The sharp sensation of a paper cut or aching of a sprained ankle are common examples

A

somatic pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

results from activation of pain receptors in the organs and/or hollow viscera tends to be characterized by cramping, throbbing, pressing, or aching qualities

A

Visceral pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

associated with damaged or malfunctioning nerves due to illness typically chronic; it is described as burning, “electric-shock,” and/or tingling, dull, and aching

A

Neuropathic pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

follows damage or sensitization of peripheral nerves

A

Peripheral neuropathic pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

results from malfunctioning nerves in the central nervous system

A

Central neuropathic pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

FACTORS AFFECTING PAIN

A

Ethnic and Cultural Values
Developmental Stage
Environment and Support People
Previous Pain Experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

an actual or potential situation in which something that is valued is changed or no longer available

A

loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

can be recognized by others

A

actual loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

experienced by one person but cannot be verified by others

A

perceived loss

24
Q

often perceived losses because they are not directly verifiable. For example, a woman who leaves her employment to care for her children at home may perceive a loss of independence and freedom

A

Psychological losses

25
Q

experienced before the loss actually occurs. For example, a woman whose husband is dying may experience actual loss in anticipation of his death

A

anticipatory loss

26
Q

the total response to the emotional experience related to loss, manifested in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors associated with overwhelming distress or sorrow

A

grief

27
Q

the subjective response experienced by the surviving loved ones

A

Bereavement

28
Q

the behavioral process through which grief is eventually resolved or altered; it is often influenced by culture, spiritual beliefs, and custom

A

Mourning

29
Q

experienced in advance of the event such as the wife who grieves before her ailing husband dies

A

Anticipatory grief

30
Q

occurs when a person is unable to acknowledge the loss to other people

A

Disenfranchised grief

31
Q

exists when the strategies to cope with the loss are maladaptive and out of proportion or inconsistent with cultural, religious, or age-appropriate norms

A

pathologic or complicated grief

32
Q

commonly known as the five stages of grief

A

The Kübler-Ross model

33
Q

list the 5 stages of grief

A

Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance

34
Q

usually only a temporary defense for the individual. This feeling is generally replaced with heightened awareness of situations and individuals that will be left behind after death

A

denial

35
Q

person is very difficult to care for due to misplaced feelings of rage and envy. Any individual that symbolizes life or energy is subject to projected resentment and jealousy

A

anger

36
Q

hope that the individual can somehow postpone or delay death. Usually, the negotiation for an extended life is made with a higher power in exchange for a reformed lifestyle

A

bargaining

37
Q

individual may become silent, refuse visitors and spend much of the time crying and grieving. This process allows the dying person to disconnect oneself from things of love and affection

A

depression

38
Q

individual begins to come to terms with their mortality or that of their loved one

A

acceptance

39
Q

Factors Influencing the Loss and Grief Responses

A

Age
Childhood
Early and Middle Adulthood
Late Adulthood

40
Q

disorder that occurs after the death of a significant other, in which the experience of distress accompanying bereavement fails to follow normative expectations and manifests in functional impairment

A

Complicated Grieving/Risk for Complicated Grieving

41
Q

if the loss has such impact on the individual and family that usual effective roles and interactions are negatively affected

A

Interrupted Family Processes

42
Q

if the client has great difficulty placing the loss in appropriate perspective to his or her other life activities

A

Risk-Prone Health Behavior

43
Q

related to the loss of relationships with others

A

Risk for Loneliness

44
Q

does not understand the concept of death, what ages

A

infancy-5 years

45
Q

understands that death is final
believes own death can be avoided, what ages

A

5-9 years

46
Q

understands death as the inevitable end of life
begins to understand own morality, what ages

A

9-12 years

47
Q

fears a lingering death, may seem to reach “adult” perception of death but be emotionally unable to accept it, what ages

A

12-18 years

48
Q

has attitude toward death influenced by religious and cultural beliefs, what ages

A

18-45

49
Q

accepts own morality
encounters death of parents and peers
experiences peaks of death anxiety, what ages

A

45-65 years

50
Q

fears prolonged illness
sees death as having multiple meanings, what ages

A

65+ years

51
Q

Nurses need to ensure that the client is treated with _______

A

dignity

52
Q

3 types of awareness

A

closed awareness
mutual pretense
open awareness

53
Q

the client is not made aware of impending death. The family may choose this because they do not completely understand why the client is ill or they believe the client will recover. The primary care provider may believe it is best not to communicate a diagnosis or prognosis to the client. Nursing personnel may experience an ethical problem in this situation

A

Closed Awareness

54
Q

the client, family, and health care personnel know that the prognosis is terminal but do not talk about it and make an effort not to raise the subject. Sometimes the client refrains from discussing death to protect the family from distress

A

Mutual Pretense

55
Q

the client and others know about the impending death and feel comfortable discussing it, even though it is difficult. This awareness provides the client an opportunity to finalize affairs and even participate in planning funeral arrangements

A

Open Awareness

56
Q

signs of impending clinical death

A

loss of muscle tone
slowing of the circulation
changes in respirations
sensory impairment

57
Q

List the Dying Person’s Bill of Rights

A

-right to be treated as a living human being until death
-right to maintain a sense of hopefulness
-right to participate express feeling and emotions about the approaching death
-right to participate in decisions concerning care
-right to expect continuing medical and nursing attention
-right not to die alone
-right to be free from pain
-right to have questions answered honestly
-right not to be decieved
-right to have help from and for family in accepting death
-right to die in peace and with dignity
-right to retain individuality and judged for their decisions
-right to be cared for by people who will attempt to understand my needs and will be able to gain some satisfaction in helping them face their death

FUNDA (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions