Paired Bones Flashcards by Drew Hundertmark

paired bones of the cranial vault and temorals

frontals parietals and temporals

ROTATE EXTERNALLY during flexion

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paired bones of the face

maxilla, palatines and zygomae

ROTATE EXTERNALLY during flexion

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what bones does the parietal articulate with

occiput
frontal
sphenoid
temporal
opposite parietal

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sutures of the parietal bone

bregma and lambda, asterion, pterion

parietosquamous, parietomastoid coronal lambdoidal

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what is the only bone that contacts all four fontanelles

parietal bone

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surface anatomical features of the parietal bones (3)

upper temporal ridge - temporal fascia attachment
lower temporal ridge - temporalis muscle origin
temporalis fossae - filled iwth temporal muscle

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a groove along the inside of the sagittal suture in which the sagittal sinus runs

sagittal sulcus

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interior anatomical features of parietal bones

sagittal sulcus
anterior and posterior groove for the middle meningeal artery
portion of groove for the Transverse sinus - carries marginal insertion of the tentorium cerebelli

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parietal bone
inferior borders move laterally
superior borders move medial and inferior
pterion, asterion, squamous sutures move laterally
sagittal sutures move inferiorly

what is the motion of the SBS

sbs flexion - parietal bones externally rotate

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parietal
sagittal articulation moves inferiorly
temporal articulation moves laterally
cranium widens

what motion?

external rotation of the parietal bones

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mechanical and joint related pain of parietal bone SD

cranial syntosis - premature closing of the sutures 
head pain - pain along the suture 
OM &amp; asterion - tension HA 
pterion - temporal HA 
parietosquamous

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organ/myofascial dysfunction leading to parietal bone SD

middle meningeal a - truama, giant cell arthritis

head face and tooth pain - temporal SD

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most common form of synostosis- premature fusion of which suture that restricts transverse growth of the skull

sagittal synostosis

sagittal suture

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commonly mistaken for posterior postioning plagiocephaly
flattening of the back of the head and compensatory growth of the mastoid process on the ipsilateral side leads to characteristic tilt of cranial base

lambdoid synostosis

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structures contained within the petrous portion of hte temporal bone

otovestibular organ
eustachian tube exits between the sphenoid and temporal bones
border of the foramen lacerum (with sphenoid)
attachment of the tentorium
encloses the internal carotid a
lateral part of the jugular foramen
styloid process

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in a newborn skull, what portion of the temporal bone is missing

mastoid process

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muscles that attach to the temporal bone

splenius
digastric
longissimus capitis 
sternocleidomastoid 
stylohyoid
styloglossus
masseter

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internal rotation of the temporals will place pressure no the eustachian tube, resulting in what pitch of tinnitus/

high pitch tinnitus

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external rotation of the temporals will often produce what pitch of tinnitus

low pitch tinnitus

low roaring sound i

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where is the axis fo the temporal bone located

inferior to the petrous ridge

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temporal
squamous portion moves laterally
MP moves medially

external rotation

paired with flexion

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temporal
squamous portion moves medially
MP moves laterally
zygomatic process becomes more prominent

internal rotation

paired with flexion

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what bone drives motion of the temporal

occiput

through OM artiuclation

wobbly wheel is what bone motion

temporal physiologic motion

mechanical signs and symptoms of temporal bone SD

TMJ pain Head pain along a suture - OM and asterion - tension \ pterion - temporal - parietosquamous neck pain - SCM and other muscles

organ/nerve/muscle signs and symptoms of temporal bone SD

dizziness ear infections swallowing and chewing - stylohyoid, stylomandibular, styloglossus tinnitus and eustachian tube dsyfunction - IR with high pitch roar ER with low pitch roar Bell's palsy - CNVII

why are the frontal bones considered paired?

because they start out as two bones in infancy | metopic suture is the remnant of the fusion of these bones, found in 10% of adults

what bones does the frontal bone articulate with

``` parietals sphenoid ethmoid alcrimals maxillae nasals zygoma ```

even though the frontal bone is fused, it still has movement as if

it is made of two bones

plane of movement of frontal bone

coronal plane motion | metopic has hinge like action

what occurs at the frontal bone during SBS flexion

EXTERNAL ROTATION lateral side moves anterior/lateral and slightly inferior glabella moves posterior

waht occurs at the frontal bone during SBS extension

INTERNAL ROTATION | lateral side moves posterior/medial and slightly superior, glabella moves anteriorly

what bone moves the frontal bone during external rotation

sphenoid

mechanical/pain manifestations of frontal bone SD

head pain along a suture coronal - tension | pterion - temporal HA head pain from diminished primary repsriation and CSF flow d/t increased dural tension at the cribiform plate

organ/nerve/muscle manifestations of frontal bone SD

sinusitis (allergic or infectious) visual problems (double vision) anosmia - frontal influences cribiform plate frontalis muscle TrP/TP

bracycephaly occurs as a result of fusion fo what bones restricts growth of the anterior fossa resulting in a shorter and wider than normal skull compensatory vertical growth occurs

fusion of both coronal sutures

what is bracycephaly assocaited with

crouzon, apert, saethre-chotzen, muenke, pfeiffer syndromes

premature fusion of what bone results in anterior plagiocephaly limits the anterior growth fo the skull, invovles top of skull and cranial base causes deformities of the face, ear, nose and forehead c shaped deformity

premature fusion of one coronal suture

start looking here | what are the fontanelles that the parietal bone contacts

all four fontanelles | idk what they are called

what bones does the parietal bone contact???

``` occiput frontal sphenoid temporal opposite parietal ```

how does the parietal bone move during SBS flexion inferior borders move superior borders move: pterion, asterion, squamous sutures move: sagittal sutures move slightly :

ER and inferior borders move LATERALLY superior borders move: MEDIALLY AND INFERIORLY pterion, asterion, squamous sutures move: LATERALLY sagittal sutures move slightly : INFERIORLY

how does the parietal bone move during SBS extension sagittal articulations move: temporal articulations move: cranium

IR and sagittal artiuclations move superiorly temporal articulations mvoe medially cranium narrows laterally

what is the axis and plane of motion of the parietal bone

AP axis | coronal plane of motino

what are clinical associations with parietal bone dysfunction

cranial syntostosis - premature closing of the sutures head pain along a suture (OM/ASTERION - tension | pterion - temporal | parietosquamous) middle meningeal artery head face and tooth pain

what are the parts of the temporal bone

squamous portion containg the zygomatic process petrous portion

what anatomic structures are associated with the petrous portion of the temporal bone

``` otovestibular organ eustachian tube exit between temporal and sphenodi bone border of foramen lacerum with sphenoid attachment of the tentorium encloses the internal carotid a lateral part of the jugular foramen styloid process ```

what bones do the temporal bones contact

``` sphenoid maxilla parietal occiput mandible (tmj) ```

how does the temporal bone move during SBS flexion

ER and squamous portion mvoes laterally mastoid process moves medially low pitch

how does the temporal bone move during SBS extension

IR and squamous portino moves medially mastoid portion moves laterally high pitch

what is the axis and plane of motion for the temporal bone

axis is inferior to petrous ridge somewhat oblique transverse axis motion would be coronalish

what are clinical assocations with temporal bone dysfunction

tmj pain head pain along sutures (om and asterion -tension HA, pterion - temporal - paritosquamous) neck pain - lots fo msucle attachments dizziness, ear infections, swallowing and chewing, tinnitis and eustachian tube dsyfuntion bells palsy

why is the frontal bone considered a paired bone

starts out as two bones before fusing - metopic suture represents this fusion in 10% of people

what bones does the frontal bone contact

``` parietals sphenoid ethmoid lacrimals maxillae nasals zygoma ```

how does the frontal bone move during SBS flexion

ER and lateral side moves anterior/lateral and slightly inferior glabella moves posterior

how does the frontal bone move during SBS extension

IR and | lateral side moves posterior/medial and slightly superior, glabella moves anterior

what is the axis and plane of motion for the frontal bone

metopic has hinge-like action coronal plane motion moves from center of orbital roof through frontal eminence

what are clinical associations with frontal bone dysfunciton

head pain coronal - tension , pterion with temporal head pain - from diminished primary respirations and CSF flow d/t increased dural tension at the cribriform plate sinusitis visual problems anosmia frontalis muscle TrP/TP