palynology and micropaleo

Question 1

interdisciplinary science between geology and biology, particulary on botany

Answer 1

palynology

Question 2

forms the exine of pollens and sporoderm of the spores and which consists in extremely resistant biological polymers

Answer 2

sporopollenin

Question 3

most abundant fossil of terrestrial origanisms

Answer 3

spores and pollens

Question 4

classified on laesurae

Answer 4

spores

Question 5

a spore with 3 laesurae

Answer 5

trilete

Question 6

a spore with one laesurae

Answer 6

monolete

Question 7

classified on colpation or sulcation, male gametes produced by plants

Answer 7

pollen grains

Question 8

age of earliest gymnosperm

Answer 8

late devonian

Question 9

age of earliest angiosperm

Answer 9

early cretaceous

Question 10

group of unicellular protists that are recognized by their golden brown chloroplasts (15-100 μm)

Answer 10

dinoflagellates

Question 11

are defined as small, organic-walled microfossils of unknown biological affinity

Answer 11

acritarchs

Question 12

large (50-200 μm) flask shaped palynomorphs

Answer 12

chitinozoa

Question 13

unicellular microorganism with shells/tests mainly made up of calcium carbonate

Answer 13

foraminifera

Question 14

temporary extensions on the surface of a microorganism

Answer 14

pseudopods

Question 15

free floating foraminifer, in the upper 200 m water column, early jurassic

Answer 15

planktonic

Question 16

bottom dwelling forams, early cambrian

Answer 16

benthic

Question 17

single-celled phytoplanktons that live in the upper layers of ocean, surrounded by atleast 30 microscopic plating of carbonates (cocolith)

Answer 17

cocolithophores

Question 18

individual carbonate platelet or ring screted by cocolithophores

Answer 18

cocolith

Question 19

resting or dormant resting cell of dinoflagellate

Answer 19

dynocyst

Question 20

when dinoflagellates reproduce rapidly

Answer 20

red tide

Question 21

siliceous microfossils

Answer 21

protists

Question 22

single most important group of oceanic primary producers, early jurassic

Answer 22

diatoms (greek “diatomos” meaning “cut in two”)

Question 23

fine-grained higly siliceous rock rich in diatom’s remains called frustules

Answer 23

diatomite

Question 24

open ocean, silica-secreting, zooplanktons
unique feature: central capsule - divides into endoplasma and ectoplasma
early cambrian

Answer 24

radiolarians

Question 25

planktonic marine chromists that are both photosynthetic and heterotrophic, early creataceous

Answer 25

silicoflagellate "golden algae"

Question 26

tests: built from organic matter and mineral cemented together by an organic calcareous cement

Answer 26

agglutinated

Question 27

tests: made up of calcium carbonate or aragonite

Answer 27

calcareous

Question 28

tests: calcareous wall whose shells have a clear or translucent appearance with tiny pores

Answer 28

hyaline

Question 29

tests: composed of microscopic needles formed insed the foram and moved outside of the cell

Answer 29

porcelaneous

Question 30

tests: made of tightly packed grains of calcium carbonate, but with no obvious cement

Answer 30

microgranular

Question 31

tests: pore diameter less than 1 μm

Answer 31

micro perforate

Question 32

tests: pore around 1-3 μm

Answer 32

finely perforate

Question 33

tests: pores greater than 3 μm

Answer 33

macro-perforate

Question 34

benthic forams on the surface

Answer 34

epibenthos

Question 35

benthic forams buried in the surface

Answer 35

endobenthos

Question 36

benthic: 0-1 cm depth in the sediments

Answer 36

epifaunal

Question 37

benthic: 1-2 cm depth in the sediments

Answer 37

shallow infaunal

Question 38

benthic: 2-3 cm depth in the sediments

Answer 38

intermediate infaunal

Question 39

benthic: 3-15 cm depth in the sediments

Answer 39

deep infaunal

Question 40

microorganism that swim or go against the currents

Answer 40

nektonic

Question 41

study of the past climates

Answer 41

paleoclimatology

Question 42

extent of heat driven reactions that alter the composition of organic matter

Answer 42

thermal maturation