paper 1 Flashcards
soft non tender lump in a new born?
hydrocele, needs to resolve before 1-2 year of life, transilluminates and USS is good
overactive bladder is usually treated with what?
muscarinic agonist
BPH what med is first line?
alpha-1-antagonsity
when do women need a MSU?
> 65
what diabetic drug can cause ulcers and leg amputation?
florins - SGLT2
de quervains thyroiditis tx?
Naproxen
if cushing present and eye issues what does it suggest?
pituitary adenoma
what causes hyperpigmentation in cushings/
ACTH secreating tumours, ectopic acth (small cell lung cancers), pituitary adenomas, addisons disease (lack of cortisol = negative feedback= icrased recreation)
it stimulates melanocytes
adrenal adenomas do not do this or exogenous steroids
causes of cushings/
CAPE
bushings disease (pituitary adenoma)
Adrenal adenoma (tumour of adrenal gland recreating cortisol)
Paraneoplastic syndrome (ectopic acth/small cell lung)
Exogneous use (red, deja,hydro)
explain dexamethasone test
look at grey book
how is a pituitary adenoma removed/
trans-sphenoidal
bitemporal hemianopia, hyperpigmentation , lack of other hormones =?
nelsons syndrome
post adrenalectomy procedure, body produces a pituitary adenoma recreating acth which preseason the optic chiasm = bitemporal hemianopia
naproxen and beta blockers are used to treat what type of hypertyrodiism/
thyrotoxicosis in subacute thyroids (de quervains) ‘fake hyperthyroid’ that then decreases before going back to normal
symptomatic subdural bleed treatment?
burr holes
EVM?
1 is the lowest, 15 is the highest and normal 8 usually coma/bad
e = 4
v = 5
m = 6
eye = normal, speech, pain,nothing
voice = normal, confused, words, sound, nothng
move = normal, localises, withdraws, abnormal flexion, extension, nothing
hepatic encephalitis grades?
grad 1 = mld mood changes
2 = drowsy
3 = flap & incoerence
4 = coma
rectal bleeding and weight loss/abdo pain <50 ??
same but >50?
fit test
same but =
colonoscopy
what is stills disease?
salmon pink rash, multiple joint pain and fever
what is MRSA problems treated with?
vancomycin or teicoplitn then linezoidr
rice water stool is a sign of what?
vibrio cholera which needs doxycycline to treat
campylobacter metabolic signs?
normal anion gap and metabolic acidosis
C diff is caused by what abs?
penicillin and clindamycin
strep pneumonia is gram what?
neiserria meningitis is gram what?
india ink?
postive
negative
cryptococcus neoformans
rasagiline and resegiline are what type of drug, what used for and what do they interact wit?
MAO-B inhibitors, used for motor problems in parkinson’s, contraindicated with citaloprams coz risks serontoni syndrome
