Paper 1 Flashcards
(52 cards)
What is global atmospheric circulation?
The large-scale movement of air across the planet, distributing heat from the equator to the poles.
Name the three cells in the circulation model.
Hadley Cell, Ferrel Cell, Polar Cell.
Where are the world’s major deserts usually found, and why?
Around 30° north and south of the equator, where sinking air creates high pressure and dry conditions.
What is the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)?
A belt of low pressure near the equator where warm air rises and causes heavy rainfall.
Why does air rise at the equator?
The sun’s energy is most intense there, warming the surface and causing the air to rise.
Why do tropical storms not form near the equator?
The Coriolis effect is too weak at the equator to spin the storm system.
Why do some areas at the same latitude have different climates?
Local factors like ocean currents, altitude, and prevailing winds also influence climate, not just latitude.
What was the date of Typhoon Haiyan?
8 November 2013.
What category was Typhoon Haiyan at its peak?
Category 5 (Super Typhoon).
What were the wind speeds of Typhoon Haiyan?
Up to 313 km/h.
What was the storm surge height during Typhoon Haiyan?
Up to 6 metres.
What were the primary impacts of Typhoon Haiyan?
Over 6,300 deaths, 1.1 million homes damaged/destroyed, 4.1 million people displaced, 90% of Tacloban city destroyed.
What were the secondary impacts of Typhoon Haiyan?
Outbreaks of disease, looting and violence, disrupted transport and supply chains, and rice prices rose due to damaged crops.
What immediate responses were taken during Typhoon Haiyan?
Emergency aid from international governments and NGOs, over 800,000 people evacuated, field hospitals set up, search and rescue missions.
What long-term responses were implemented after Typhoon Haiyan?
‘Build Back Better’ policy, new storm surge warning system, rehousing plans, and education on disaster preparedness.
What was the date of Hurricane Katrina?
29 August 2005.
What category was Hurricane Katrina at landfall?
Category 3 (Category 5 over Gulf of Mexico).
What were the wind speeds of Hurricane Katrina?
Approximately 200 km/h.
What was the storm surge height during Hurricane Katrina?
Up to 8.5 metres.
What were the primary impacts of Hurricane Katrina?
Around 1,800 deaths, over 1 million people displaced, 80% of New Orleans flooded, $125 billion in damage.
What were the secondary impacts of Hurricane Katrina?
Contamination of water, oil spills and fires, economic losses, social tensions due to unequal response.
What immediate responses were taken during Hurricane Katrina?
Emergency shelters set up, slow federal response heavily criticized, search and rescue by Coast Guard and volunteers.
What long-term responses were implemented after Hurricane Katrina?
$14.5 billion spent on flood defenses and levee improvements, rebuilding homes, FEMA restructured.
What was the date of the Nepal Earthquake?
25 April 2015.
