PAPER 1 - Diet and Nutrition Flashcards
(40 cards)
Define MACRO-NUTRIENTS
a TYPE OF FOOD (e.g. fat, protein, carbohydrate) required in LARGE AMOUNTS in the diet
Define MICRO-NUTRIENTS
VITAMINS and MINERALS we only needed in small amounts that play an important role in well-being
Define ENZYME
BIOLOGICAL CATALYSTS which increases the speed oh chemical reactions
Define GLUCOSE
a SIMPLE SUGAR which is an important ENERGY SOURCE in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates
Define KCAL
kilocalorie - one kilocalorie is equal to 1000 calories
Define AMINO ACID
the building blocks of proteins
Define BMI
body mass index - a measure of whether you’re a healthy weight for your height
Define THERMIC
temperature
Define METABOLISM
how quickly you burn calories or fat - the CHEMICAL PROCESSES that let you stay alive
Define EXPENDITURE
the amount of energy (or calories) that a person needs to carry out a physical function
What do PROTEINS do ?
- growth and repair
Give examples of proteins
meat / fish / beans / nuts
What do FATS do ?
store energy
What are the two types of fats ?
saturated and unsaturated
What are saturated fats at room temperature ?
solid (cheese)
What are unsaturated fats at rood temperature ?
liquid (avacado / nuts / oil)
What are LDLs ?
Low Density Lipoproteins - get stuck to arteries
What are HDLs ?
High Density Lipoproteins - get rid of LDLs
What does FIBRE do ?
- helps digestion
- lowers cholesterol
Give examples of fibre
fruit / nuts / vegetables / wholegrains
What are CARBOHYDRATES ?
- sugars and starch
- stored as glycogen and converted to glucose for energy
Give examples of starch
- rice
- potatoes
Where is starch stored ?
liver and muscles
Give examples of sugar
- fruit
- honey
