Paper 1 - Distinctive landscapes Flashcards
What is weathering?
the process of material being broken down
What is mechanical weathering?
when physical actions of rain or other types of weather create weaknesses in rocks or land
What is chemical weathering?
When minerals react chemically in ways which weaken them (e.g. water breaking down rocks - dissolution)
What is biological weathering?
when rocks and land are broken down by the actions of living organisms such as plants
What is mass movement?
material moved down hill due to the pull of gravity
What is sliding (mass movement)?
where a section of land falls down a slope, dislodging other material on its way
What is slumping (mass movement)?
where material at the bottom of a slope moves outwards
What is erosion?
the wearing away of materials by a moving force which takes the material away.
What is abrasion?
where sediment is thrown against a surface by the sea (e.g. cliffs) and smooths the landform
What is hydraulic action?
where water forces its way into cracks, creating weaknesses and splitting them apart
What is attrition?
where pebbles hit each other, wearing them away
What is solution?
Where rocks are dissolved in water
What is transportation?
the movement of material (along a coast by waves or along a river bed by the river)
What is traction?
larger sediment rolling along the bottom of the sea
What is saltation?
small pieces of sediment picked up by the sea
