paper 1 dk Flashcards
(58 cards)
WNIC
- Provides interface to wireless network
- has antenna
- receives analogue converts to binary
- encrypts/decrypts data
- checks incoming from correct MAC address - ignores if not intended for it.
router?
- Receives packets from devices/Internet
- forwards/routes packets to destination
- finds packet destination
- assigns private IP on LAN
- updates routing tables
- finds most efficient path to the destination
- maintains a table of MAC and IP address.
WAP
Provides wireless communication between nodes on the network and central device.
cloud computing
Storing data using a 3rd party provider
- not on your device - can access online
- uses remote server.
What is IPv4?
4 groups of digits
- represented in 8 bits
- dotted decimal.
What is IPv6?
6 groups of digits
represented in 16 bits
hex separated by :
multiple groups of zeros replaced with ::.
What is Ethernet?
Protocol for transmission over a network
uses CSMA/CD
data transmitted in frames
each frame has source/destination IP.
What are the advantages of DRAM?
Cheaper,
higher storage density.
HDMI
Allows video and audio to be transferred on the same cable,
no need for 2 cables.
faster transfer rate
supports high resolution
PC
Holds address of next instruction,
contents are incremented (address in PC is incremented)
What is the role of the CU
Coordinates actions of components in CPU,
sends signals along control bus,
manages execution of instructions,
controls communication between components of the CPU.
What do the CU, system clock, and control bus do together?
Clock sends timing signals sent down control bus,
CU initiates data transfer by generating control signals sent along control bus.
USB
1 bit at a time,
synchronous or asynchronous,
provides automatic connection when plugged in - voltage changes when plugged in - comp detects this change and automatically connects
What is an SSD?
Uses NAND/NOR gates,
7 transistors in each cell,
flash memory (NAND)
or EEPROM (NOR),
floating gate retains electrons without power,
control gate stops current passing through
current forces electrons through a barrier and traps them in floating gates
How does a laser printer work?
Checks if printer available,
data sent to print buffer,
printing drum given + charge,
laser removes + charge in some areas,
ink sticks to negatively charged areas only,
negative sheet of paper rolled over the drum,
ink sticks to paper producing the image,
electric charge removed from paper,
heated so ink melts and is permanently fixed to paper.
What happens in optical disk writing and reading?
Disk spun at high speed,
laser shone onto disk,
follows spiral track,
when writing laser burns pit,
when reading laser reflects,
different reflection from pits and lands show 1 and 0.
What is file management?
Storage space divided into file allocation units,
space allocated to particular files,
creates directory structures,
specifies logical method of file storage,
provides file naming conventions,
controls access rights,
specifies tasks performed on a file eg open, close
How does memory management organize RAM?
Assigned into blocks,
allocates to processes,
prevents overwriting,
manages paging, segmentation and VM.
Why might high-level language programs be partially compiled and partially interpreted?
Partially compiled programs can be used on different platforms as interpreted when they are run,
code is optimized for CPU as machine code generated at run time,
source code doesn’t need recompiling- – efficient to run
What does peripheral hardware management do?
-Handles buffers – ensures smooth transfer of data
-Installs device drivers – allows communication between peripherals and computer
-Sends and receives data to and from peripherals eg to a monitor from a keyboard
-Manages interrupts
What is process management?
Manages scheduling of processes,
manages resources process require,
…allocates memory,
enables processes to share data,
resolves conflicts,
handles process queue,
allows multitasking,
handles priority and interrupts.
What is the purpose of utility software?
Maintains computer and makes sure it runs efficiently and effectively,
e.g., disk defragmenter makes memory access more efficient.
What does a hard disk formatter do?
Prepares the disk to be used,
checks for errors,
sets up file allocation system,
generates a new file system.
What does disk repair/disk contents analysis involve?
Disk checked for empty space,
removes unwanted files and downloads,
checks for bad sectors,
flags damaged data blocks as unstable.
