PAPER 2 - Social Facilitation Flashcards
Definition
Social Facilitation
The postive influence of others who may be watching or competing on sports performance.
Definition
Social Inhibition
The negative influence of others who maybe watching or competing which leads to a decrease in performance.
Psychologist Theory
Zajonic
Presence of others = increase arousal levels
*This increases the likelihood of the dominant response *
WELL LEARNED SKILLS= POSITIVE RESPONSE
NOVICE = NEGATIVE RESPONSE
What are the different affects of an audience on performance.
- Evaluation Apprehension
- Homefield Advantage
- Proximity Effect
- Distraction/ Conflict Theory
Affect of audience
Evaluation Apprehension
Performance = enhanced/ impaired if audience are… or are perceived to be judging the performer
More relevant if there is a significant other in audience
Audience can stimulate arousal in certain people … For Example - Extroverts
Affect of Audience
Homefield Advantage
HOME VS AWAY
Suppotive home audience = Positive Effect
Unfamiliar hostile environment = Negative Effect
Affect of an audience
Proximity Effect
dependant on size and if audience is close or far from performance
Affect of audience
Distraction/ Conflict theory
Audience acts as an additional cue
Performer loses focus and becomes distracted
Complex Skills struggle to be processed compared to mkre simple skills
Affect of an audience
What things impact these affects on the audience?
- Type of skill - Complex/ Simple etc…
- Personality -
Type A and introverts perform worse - Type of performer - cognitive/associative/autonomous
Affect of Audience
What are strategies to minimkse social inhibition?
- Goal Setting
- Selective Attention
- Overlearning of key skills
- Realistic Practice
- Somatic Relaxation
- Cognitive Relaxation
Minimising Social Inhibition
Goal setting
SMART TARGETS
* Process goals - technique
* Performance goals - PBs
Should reduce arousal levels - DR LIKELY
Minimising Social Inhibition
Selective Attention
Cue utilisation theory = selective attention allows for optimum performance.
Filter in relevant
Filter out irrelevant stimuli
Minimising Social inhibition
Overlearning Key skills
grooved/habitual/automatic
Strengthen correct S-R Bonds
Likelihood of dominant responss increases
Minimising Social inhibition
Realistic Practice
Near Transfer - practice should be as similar to reality as possible
Put yourself under competitive evaluation
Combats Evaluation Apprehension
Minimising Social Inhibition
Somatic Relaxation
Examples-
Physiological Techniques to allow performer to relax
Progressive Muscular Relaxation, Breathing Control
