Paper 2 Topic 2 Generic Flashcards
(45 cards)
What is development
The progress in economic growth, use of technology and improving welfare that a country has made
What is the global development gap
The difference in development between more and less developed countries
What are 2 ways to measure wealth
Gross National Income (GNI)
GNI per head
What are 6 ways to measure health
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
Death Rate
People per Doctor
Birth Rate
Life Expectancy
Access to safe drinking water
What is 1 way to measure education
Literacy rate
What are the limitations of using measures such as GNI per head, IMR and literacy rate for example
GNI can be misleading as it is an average and variations wont show up
Social indicators may be misleading as some areas may develop before others making a country seem more developed
What is an example of a country which appears well developed using social indicators but isnt
Cuba
Low birth rate so they appear developed
High birth rate so they appear less developed
2 Examples of HICS
UK
USA
2 Examples of LICS
Somalia
Afghanistan
2 Examples of NEEs
BRICS
MINTS
What is the HDI and how does it work
Human Development Index
0-1
Uses GNI per head, life expectancy and education levels
What are the 4 reasons why the UK economy has changed
Deindustrialisation
Employment Structure
Government Politics
Globalisation
What is deindustrialisation (changing UK economy)
The decline of a country’s traditional manufacturing industry due to exhaustive and loss of markets and competition from NEES
What is Government politics (changing UK economy)
A plan decided by a government to manage issues of a country
What is globalisation (changing UK economy)
The process which has created a more connected world with increased movement of trade and people
Positives of globalisation (changing UK economy)
UK trade grew
Foreign companies invested in the UK
UK specialises in high end industry - trade
Negatives of globalisation (changing UK economy)
Goods are cheaper as they are produced by those on lower wages
Migration may overfill a country
Inequality gaps may form
How can deindustrialisation be seen in UK
Steel in the UK paused in 2015
Decline of car industry in Coventry (50% worked in the industry before)
Black cabs were outsourced by China
Why might deindustrialisation happen
Loss of competitiveness
Technological advances
Expansion of service industry
How can government policy be seen in the EU
Primary industries are limited by EU laws such as fishing
UK government sold primary and secondary industries to companies (privatisation)
Investment in the knowledge sector
What is privatisation
Government selling industry to companies
What are the 6 features of the UK post industrial economy
Quaternary Industry
Information technology
Finance
Business Parks
Science Parks
Growth Corridors
How many people are in the quaternary industry research sector
600,000
How much money is in research sector
£3 Billion
