Paper 3 A : Globalisation Flashcards
(42 cards)
What is the definition of globalisation?
- The global interconnectedness between people and culture around the world
-refers to how people, ideas and cultures connect - Done through transport, trade and technology
What are the three post modernist sociologists regarding globalisation
- Giddens
- Duneier
-Applebaum
Define what it means when it says a positive impact of globalisation is economic dimension?
(post modernism)
- globalisation led to national economies integrating into one single economy
- made it easier for goods and services to move across borders
- movement of jobs to lower wage countries creates new opportunities for some
Define what it means when it says a negative impact of globalisation is economic dimension?
(post modernism)
- multinational companies hold lots of economic power
- often leads to uneven effects
some countries benefit from increase of trade - others experience significant global inequality
Define what it means when it says a positive impact of globalisation is political dimension?
(post modernism)
-globalisation has challenged the reign of nation states
- rise of global networks and spread of information has led to a more complex and multilayered political landscape
- power is distributed in some ways more equally
Define what it means when it says a negative impact of globalisation is political dimension?
(post modernism)
- due to more mixed opinions, more conflict e.g trump vs harris
- advanced technology means it’s easier to manipulate the eyes of the viewers e.g misinformation, cookies
Define what it means when it says a positive impact of globalisation is cultural dimension?
(post modernism)
- globalisation has led to exchange of ideas, values across different societies
- platforms like tv, social media, movies, internet has played a big role in spreading western culture and consumerism
- culture has become more embraced than shamed
Define what it means when it says a negative impact of globalisation is cultural dimension?
(post modernism)
- concerns about cultural homogenisation
- cultures start to behave the same way
- ## e.g mcdonaldisation
What does Boellstorff say about globalisation
(POSTMODERNISM)
-Coming of age in second life
- study that explores virtual world
- users use second life to create avatar to interact in the digital world
KEY FINDINGS:
- found app allowed people to form meaningful social connections and communities
- relationships mirrored those in the physical world
- users experimented with identity
What does Carter say about globalisation?
(POSTMODERNISM)
- conducted fieldwork on app called cybercity
- concluded that people using app invest as much effort in keeping relationships than in other social spaces
- friendships on app are a complex interaction between trust,intimacy and disclosure
- Distance no longer extinguishes friendships due to technology
What does Baudrillard say globalisation has negative effects?
- Hyper reality
- media concentrated society has meant reality and media have become blurred
- Hr describes the inability to distinguish reality from simulation
-e.g fake news , AI
What do Marxists believe?
-Globalisation is a stage in developing capitalism
- facilitates the spread of capitalism
-results in the unequal distribution of wealth
What do neo-marxists believe?
-They believe globalisation is a form of neo-imperialism
-Exploitation of developing nations by wealthier countries
-this creates dependency as poorer nations become dependent on global capitalism for survival
Global class structure( Marxism)
- Globalisation creates a class divide between the bourgeoisie and proletariats
- worsens inequality between classes
Contradictions of Globalisation (Marxism)
- expands market but deepens crisis (financial)
- can lead to both integration and division
Giddens (1990 )
- Describes globalisation as a complex process which affects social, political and economic factors.
-Discusses interconnectedness, risk
Carter (2005)
hint: cybercity
-Conducted research into how people interact and form relationshups online
- argued that cybercity created space where people could connect and belong in some ways more meaningful than real life bonds
Boellstorff (2008)
Hint: Second Life
-In favour of globalisation
- examines how people construct and experiment with their identities e.g gender, race, sexuality
-argues that virtual worlds are meaningul space as they reflect real world values
Castells (2000)
Marxist
Discussses ‘networked society’
- argues that power is less about who owns physical assets but who owns knowledge
- aligns with marxist view of means of production HOWEVER means of production are informational instead of industrial
- This may lead to digital divide (those who don’t have access)
Boyle (2005)
Discusses ‘digitalisation’ and ‘media convergence’
- Digitalisation is the process of converting traditional media (text, images,sound) into digital formats
-Digitalisation has allowed for media to be easily manipulated
-Media convergence is the blending of previously sseperate media, e.g tv, radio
Cornford and Robins (1999)
Haraway
- Uses the concept of Cyborg as a way for gender equality
- ## Instead of society judging based on gender etc it will be more inclusive
Cochrane (2013)
- Discusses Technology and the Fourth wave of feminism
- Fourth wave came about through its distinguished use of digital technology to promote feminist ideas
- Technology can easily be used for activism, to challenge misogyny and for intersectionality
dworkin
radical feminist
percentage of sexual violence increased
