Paper Practice Exam Materials 2 Flashcards by Aaron Mlnarik

Higher folate intake is associated with a decreased for which cancers?

Lung
Ovarian
pancreatic and colon
Breast and prostate

Pancreatic and colon

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Which is involved in synthesizing carnitine?

zinc
vitamin C
selenium
vitamin D

Vitamin C

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Toxicity of which mineral can cause renal impairment and tingling of hands and feet?

Magnesium
Calcium
Potassium
Boron

Potassium

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Beta-glucans are found in

Yellow vegetables
Mushrooms
Legumes
Broccoli

Mushrooms (and oats, barley, yeast, and seaweed)

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These signs suggest which nutrient deficiency: loss of appetite, alopecia, dermatitis, anorexia, hyperkeratinization?

Iron
Calcium
Magnesium
Zinc

Zinc

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All of these are true of SAMe except which?

Can be used for depression
Treats osteoarthritis
Can improve liver disease
Useful in methylation
Has effect on memory when used with DHA

has effect on memory when used with DHA….this is NOT true of SAMe

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Which nutrient interferes with the sodium-phosphate pump and can be used to reduce phosphate levels in end-stage renal disease?

B3
B2
B12
B9

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Weight loss is an INAPPROPRIATE goal of an elimination diet.

True or False

True

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Which phytonutrient does NOT effect blood sugar regulation?

4-hydroxyleucine (from fenugreek)
charatin (from bitter melon)
cinnamaldehyde (from cinnamon)
Hydroxytyrosol (from olive oil)

Hydroxytyrosol from olive oil affects LDL by reducing its oxidation but does not affect blood sugar regulation

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Which does not cause nephrotic syndrome?

Diabetes mellitus
systemic lupus erythematosus
Diabetes insipidus
amyloidosis

Diabetes insipidus

Nephrotic syndrome causes excess protein excretion

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Which is the richest source of vitamin A per serving?

Eggs
Sweet potato
Carrots
Red Peppers

Sweet potato

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During pregnancy, edema can be beneficial as it increases blood flow and nutrient transfer from mother to baby.

True or False

True

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Which one of these provides BOTH soluble and insoluble fiber?

fruit
oats
nuts
beans

Nuts - contain hemicellulose which has both types of fiber

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How much DHA should pregnant women consume for optimal fetal development?

100-200mg
200-300mg
500mg
1000mg

200-300mg

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Total Energy Expenditure is calculated by multiplying Resting metabolic rate by

Caloric intake
Thermic effect of food
activity factor

activity factor

TEE=RMR x Activity factor

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How many eggs would be an appropriate serving size of protein for a 7-12 year old?

1
2
3

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The age of both mother and father are risk factors for birth defects.

True or False

False…only the age of the mother is a risk factor

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At higher altitudes, what happens to hematocrit and hemoglobin?

Both increase
both Decrease
Hct increase, Hgb decreases
Hct decrease, Hgb increases

both increase to adapt to lower O2 levels

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Which are magnesium’s nutrient partners in the specific microenvironment?

Selenium and iron
Manganese and B12
Vit C and Vit D
Calcium and Zinc

Calcium and Zinc

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Brown adipose tissues gets its color from

Vit D
Vit A
Iron
Vit E

Iron

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Acidity is a sign of inflammation

True or False

False

pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

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At which ages for men and women is it considered to be a risk factor for CVD?

men 45, women 55
men 55, women 55
men 50, women 50
men 55, women 45

men 45 and women 55

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The most important nutrient to assess and monitor when renal function is impaired is

Sodium
Bicarbonate
Potassium
Calcium

potassium (this is controlled by dialysis)

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Which deficiencies are likely in a patient with ataxia?

Vitamin K and Vitamin D
Iron, folate
Vit E, b12, thiamin
Mg, Zn, Se

Vit E, B12, thiamin

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What is dysgeusia? Visual disturbance Altered taste Loss of hearing in high pitches Decreased sense of smell

Altered taste

What is hyposmia? Visual disturbance Altered taste Loss of hearing in high pitches Decreased sense of smell

decreased sense of smell

Which botanical inhibits FSH and prolactin? Chasteberry Colts foot bayberry black cohosh

chasteberry Black cohosh suppression of luteinizing hormone secretion or from direct relaxation of the uterus.

Which component of grapefruit inhibits CYP450 3A4 and thus affects medication metabolism? phlobatannin Saponins furanocoumarins capsaicin

furanocoumarins

Cloves are useful for which conditions due to _____? nipple soreness bruises and burns toothache and muscle cramps HTN

toothache and muscle cramps due to eugenol, which is an anesthetic

Which phytonutrient helps clear glucose from the blood? lycopene curcuminoids colosolic acid isoflavones

colosolic acid

Which stage of kidney disease is a moderate decrease in kidney function? Stage 1 2 3 4

What's the recommended level of HDL for women? >40 mg/dl >50 >60 >70

>50 mg/dl

Which nutrient(s) deficiency(ies) is associated with nasolabeal dyssebacea (the exfoliation, inflammation, excessive oil production, and fissuring of sebaceous glands)? Vit A, Vit C, Zn B2 B6, EFAs B3, B9, B12

Safe minimum internal temp for ground meat 140 F 150 160 170

160 F

Which mineral mimics the effects of insulin, stimulates osteoblasts, and regulates the sodium/hydrogen ion transporter? Boron Magnesium Manganese Vanadium

Vanadium Vanadium appears to mimic the effects of insulin on adipocytes, may be an enzyme cofactor, may regulate the sodium/hydrogen ion transporter, and may stimulate osteoblast activity. Acute ingestion of 4.5 mg or more may cause cramps and diarrhea. Long term daily intakes of 10 mg may produce sore eyes and bronchi or dermatitis.

Kava kava is appropriate to give for clinical depression. True or False

FALSE

Which temperature would you recommend reheating fully cooked ham to? 140 150 160 170

140

Different stressors (wound healing, fevers, burns, etc) can increase which of these? Total energy expenditure Resting energy expenditure Thermic effect of activity Thermic effect of food

Resting energy expenditure

Which mineral is thought of as toxic but in very small amounts does have a role in cell signaling, insulin regulation, and the facilitation of SAMe? Mercury Arsenic Lead Antimony

Arsenic

Which deficiency would not exacerbate iodine deficiency? Copper Iron Selenium Vit A

Copper

Polyphenols in shellfish, green and black tea can block absorption of which vitamin and worsen Beriberi? Thiamin Riboflavin Niacin Pyridoxine

Thiamin Chronic thiamin deficiency produces various forms of beriberi, with megaloblastic anemia, lactic acidosis, and branched-chain ketoaciduria; dry beriberi affects the nervous system, wet beriberi affects the heart and circulation. Chronic thiamin deficiency combined with alcoholism often produces the Korsakoff Syndrome of mental confusion, memory loss, delusions, and amnesia or Wernicke Disease (apathy, delusion, and delirium). These may appear concurrently as Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (alcoholic dementia). There is no known upper safe limit of thiamin intake (prolonged intakes of 500 mg/day have been shown to be without adverse effects).

Which botanical is used for coughing and asthma? Lavendar Hawthorn Burdock

Burdock

Which are needed to form Niacin from Tryptophan? B2, B3, Mg B1, B2, B6 B6, B3, Mg B2, B6, Iron

B2, B6, Iron

How long can an opened package of deli meat stay fresh in the fridge? 3-5 days 5-7 days 10 days 14 days

3-5 days

Males and females 71 years old and above need how much Vitamin D daily? 500 IU 600 800 1000

800 IU

Omega 3s are protective against all but which cancer? Lung Renal Prostate Colon

Renal

Which vitamin plays a role in histone modifications, gene regulation, and cell signaling? B3 B5 B6 biotin

Biotin

Infertility, insulin resistance, and PCOS are linked to which deficiency? Vitamin A E D K

Vitamin D

Which of these doesn't need to be avoided by someone with sulfite sensitivity? Iron sulfide Sodium sulfite potassium bisulfite Sulfur dioxide

Iron sulfide. The rest are added to food to preserve it

How long does it take to detect folate store depletion in the body (and thus, a deficiency)? 2-4 months 6-8 months 1 year several years

2-4 months

Which should not be recommended as an alternative source of DHA for pregnant women who don't like salmon due to the mercury content? Mackerel Caviar Tilefish Tilapia

Tilefish

Carbonated beverages can thicken saliva True or false

True

Infants in first year require how much protein? In g/kg/day: 0. 8 1. 0 1. 6 2. 0

1.6

What does the Nijmegen Scale help diagnose? Chronic Pain Seasonal Affective Disorder Anxiety and hyperventilation Depression and Insomnia

Anxiety and hyperventilation

How much weight can a woman expect to lose during the first week after delivering a baby? 8 pounds 15 pounds 20 pounds None

15 pounds

What is the formula for BMI? Kg/M Kg^2 / M Kg / M^2 Kg^2 / M^2

BMI = Kg / M^2

Which of these is not prevented by refrigeration? Listeria Salmonella E coli Campylobacter

Listeria

Which muscle is not a good indicator of muscle wasting? Thenar Hypothenar Temporalis Pectoral

Pectoral

Which competes with iron for the binding site on transferrin? Cu Mo Cr V

Chromium

Recert for BCNS requires how many hours? 50 75 100 125

Which form of calcium does not require HCl in the stomach for absorption? Citrate Carbonate Gluconate Lactate

Citrate

Which is a good dietary source of L-theanine? Eggs and butter Shellfish and wheat green and black tea soy and seaweed

green and black tea

Which is not a phytonutrient found in cruciferous vegetables? Lignans Sulforaphane Glucosinolates Limonoids

Lignans (found in grains, seeds, legumes)

Silicon is associated with?

Cartilage formation Bone formation Cross linking with elastin not Stimulating osteoblast activity

Plastics marked with recycle code 2, 6, and 7 should be avoided due to BPA. True or False

False...codes 3, 6, and 7

Linoleic acid and GLA differ in their Chain lengths Double bond positions Numbers of double bonds Side chain moieties

Numbers of double bonds

Dietary fats and oils primarily are composed of triglycerides pufas saturated fatty acids mufas

triglycerides

Antidiuretic hormone is released in response to Decreased serum osmolality Increased serum osmolality Decreased urine urea nitrogen Increased urine urea nitrogen

Increased serum osmolality (high solute concentration in blood requires more water retention)

Which kind of starches do colonic bacteria use to generate SCFAs? Soluble Insoluble Resistant

Resistant

Which do you avoid with SSRIs? Vitamin C Vitamin D SAMe B12

SAMe, along with saint john's wort and 5HTP

Tx Low sIgA with?

S boulardii and IGGs like microspore

Which kind of diet for acute IBD flares, diverticulosis, dumping sx, etc?

Low residue

FODMAP means

Fermented Oligo Di Monosaccharides and Polyols

Adrenal dysfunction stage 1 and 2 refer to hyper or hypo cortisolism?

Hyper ...

Adrenal dysfunction stage 3 is hyper or hypo

hypo

Which stage of adrenal dysfunction is the transient increases in catecholamines and cortisol? Stage 1 2 3

Which stage of adrenal dysfunction is hypercortisol - more evenly across the day> 1 2 3

botanical Tx options for stage 1 adrenal dysfunction? (6)

ashwagandha, l-theanine, 5HTP, passion flower, valerian, kava kava,

botanical Tx options for stage 2 adrenal dysfunction? (5)

ashwaghanda, rhodiola, cordyceps, siberian ginseng, St. John's wort,

Tx options for stage 3 adrenal dysfunction? (4)

ashwaghanda, licorice, cordyceps,asian ginseng .

Paper Practice Exam Materials 2 Flashcards

(80 cards)