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Microbiology - step > Parasites > Flashcards

Parasites Flashcards

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1
Q 
bloating 
flatulence
foul smelling fatty diarrhoea
camper/hiker
tumbling mobility
A

giardia lamblia
protozoa
from cysts in the water form human, beaver, muskrat faeces

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2
Q

diagnosis of giardia lamblia

A

trophozoites of cysts in faeces

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3
Q

treatment of giardia lamblia

A

metronidazole

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4
Q

bloody and pusy diarrhoea
liver abscess, like anchovy past
RUQ
inverted flask shaped ulcer in large intestine

A

entamoeba histolytica
protozoa
eating cyst on a fruit or veg washed in contaminated water

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5
Q

diagnosis of entamoeba histolytica

A

serolory and or

trophozoites with RBC in cytoplasm – can have up to four uclie in stool

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6
Q

treatment of entamoeba histolytica

A

metronidazole

iodoquinol for asymptomatic carriers of cysts

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7
Q

severe diarrhoea in AIDs patients

mild transient in immunocompents

A

cyprosporidium

oocytes in water

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8
Q

prevention of cryptosporidium

A

resistant to chlorine

must filter water

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9
Q

diagnosis of cryptosporidium

A

acid fast oocytes

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10
Q

treatment of cryptosporidium in immnocompetent

A

nitrazoxanide

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11
Q

neonate with chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus and intracranial calcifications

A

congenital toxoplasmosis
mom gets primary infection during pregos
pork
cat faeces

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12
Q

aids patient with brain abscess as ring enhancing lesions on ct/mri

A

toxoplasma gondii

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13
Q

diagnosis of toxoplasmosis

A

serology and biopsy – tochyzoite

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14
Q

treatmet of toxoplasmosis

A

sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine

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15
Q 
prefrontal headache
nausea
high fever
altered sense of smell
swimming in warm fresh water
A

rapidly fatal meingoencephalitis
naefleria fowleri
protozoa

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16
Q

diagnosis of naugleria fowleri

A

amoebas in spinal fluid

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17
Q

treatment of naegleria fowleri

A

amphotericin B effective in a few survivors

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18
Q 
enlarged lymph nodes
recurring fever
somnolence 
coma
painful fly bite
A

African sleeping sickness

trypanosome brucei rhodiense/gambiense

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19
Q

tsetse fly

painful bite

A

trypanosome brucie - afrincan sleeping sicknesss

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20
Q

diagnosis of trypanosoma brucei

A

blood smear for trypanomastigotes

increased Ig in CSF

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21
Q

treatment of African sleepin sickness

A

suramin - blood

melarsoprol - cns penetration

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22
Q

schuffner stippling

A

seen in P vivax and P ovale

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23
Q

treatment of malaria

A

chloroquine for sensitive species (blocks p heme polymerase)

if resistant - mefloquine ro atovaquone/proguanil

life threatenint - iv quinidine or artesunate but test for g6pd deficiency

p vivax/ovale - add primaquine for hypnozoites and test for g6p deficiency

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24
Q

fever and hemolytic disease
NE USA
camping

A

babesia
increased in asplenia risk of
ixodes bite (lyme disease symptoms too)

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25
diagnosis of babesiosis
blood smear with ring form or maltese cross or PCR
26
treatment of babesiosis
atovaquone and axithromycin
27
unilateral periorbital swelling/Romana sign megacolon megaoeseophagus dilater cardiomyopathy with apical atrophy painless bite
CHAGAS disease | trypancoma cruzi
28
reduviid bug | kisses <3
chagas disease trypansoma cruzi kissing bug, cone bug painless
29
diagnosis of chagas disease
blood smear
30
from cats from dogs from opossums from poverty housing
chagas disease - reduviid bug, kisses.....
31
treatment of chagas disease
benznidazole or nifurtimox
32
spikin fevers hepatosplenomegaly pancytopenia sandfly bite
visceral leishmaniasis leishmania donovani protozoa
33
diagnosis of leischmania donovami
macrophages with amastigotes in bo, liver, spleen
34
treatment of leichmania donovani
amphotericin B, sodium stibogluconate
35
fould smelling, greenish frothy vaginal discharge, itching and burning
trichomonas vaginalis | sexy time delivery
36
how to diagnosis trichomonas vaginalis
trophozoites that are motile on a wet mount
37
I say strawberry cervix you sayÉ
frothy, green, smelly, itchy | trichomonas vaginalis
38
treatment for trichomonas vaginalis
metronidazole for patient and partner (prophylaxis)
39
anal pruritus mostly at night
enterobius vermicularis | pinworm
40
deets on enterobius vermicularis please
nematode aka pinworm fecal oral spread with auto inoculation since its itchy for munchkins treat with bendazole
41
diagnosis of enterobius vermicularis please
the tape test
42
early pneumonitis -- ab pain and diarrhoea late late: malabsorption, ulcers and bloody stools
strongyloides stercolais
43
deets on strongyloids stercoralis please
``` nematode thread worm skin inoculation and autoinfection may feel like a peptic ulcer treat with ivermectin or bendazole ```
44
cough -- ileocecal obstruction/gall bladder obstruction | bile stained eggs
ascaris lumbricoides
45
describe ascaris lumbricoides
``` giant roundworm fecal oral nematode bendazole eggs visible in feces under microscope ```
46
microcytic anemia | penetration at bare feet
ancylostoma duodenale necator americanus hookworms
47
describe ancyclostoma duodenale and necator americanus
hookworms nematodes bendazole or pyrantel intestinal infection causing microcytic anaemia by sucking blood from intestinal walls
48
``` fever comiting nausea periorbilta oedema splinter hemorrhages ```
trichinella spiralis undercooked meat (pork( fecal oral
49
hyperpigmented itchy skin river blindness possible allergic reaction to moo
onchocerca volvulus
50
describe onchocerca volvulus
nematode female blackfly black black black ivermectin
51
female blackfly bite
onchocerca volvulus
52
swelling skin worm in conjunctiva calabar swelling
loa loa
53
describe loa loa
nematode tissue infection deer fly horse fly and mango fly treat with diethylcarbamazine
54
deer fly horse fly mango fly
loa loa
55
elephantiasis after 9 mo to 1 year
wuchereria bancrofti
56
describe wuchereria bancrofti
``` nematode tissue infection blocks lympatic vessels female mostquito treat with diethycarbamazine ```
57
female mosquito
wuchereria bancrofti
58
visceral larva migrans
worm crawls wherever it wants, then dies and makes an inflammatory reaction that manifests as a bump, wherever toxocara carnis
59
describe toxocara carnis
``` nematode tissue infection fecal oral visceral larva migrans treat with bendazole ```
60
puppies and pica
toxocara carnis
61
list the ingested nematodes
enterobius vermiularis - anal itching/intestinal ascaris lumbricoides - obstruction/intestinal trichinella spiralis - myalgia/intestinal toxocara carnis - larva migrans/tissue
62
list the cutaneous nematodes
strongyloides stercoralis - pneumonitis/gi/intestinal | acyclostoma duodenale, necator americanus - microcytic anaemia/intestinal
63
list the bites nematodes
onchocerca volvulus - female blackfly loa loa - mango fly, deer fly, horse fly - calabar swelling wuchereria bancrofti - female mosquito - elephantitis
64
intestinal infection after ingestion of cysts visible in pork
taenia solium
65
adult onset epilepsy
taenia solium cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis ingestion of eggs
66
describe taenia solium
cestode worse if ingest eggs - biopsy to diagnose less severe if ingest larvae - proglottids in stool to diagnose treat with praziquantel (albendazole for neurocysticercosis)
67
megaloblastic anaemia
diphyllobothrium latum
68
describe diphyllobothrium latum
cestode competes for B12 in the intestinte ingest larvae from fresh fish (also clonorchis)
69
hydatid cysts in liver | anaphylaxis if anatigens released
echinococcus granulosus
70
describe echinococcus granulosos
cestode sheep intermediate host dog feces contain eggs (more severe) treat with albendazole
71
liver and spleen enlargement due to fibrosis and inflammation
schistosoma mansion and japonicum
72
describe schistosoma mansoni and japonicum
``` dorsal finned egg trematode praziquantel snales are host cercariae penetrate the skin from cats, dogs, cattle liver and spleen enlargement - go to mesenteric veins after penetrating skin ```
73
painless hematuria pulmonary hypertension squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder Egypt and africa
schistosoma haemotobium
74
describe schistosoma haematobium
``` egg with terminal spin snails are intermediate host cercariae penetrate skin bladder cancer bc mature in bladder vessels treat with praziquantel ```
75
pigmented gallstones | cholangiocarcinoma
clonorchis sinensis
76
describe clonorchis sinensis
``` trematode praziquantel from undercooked fish (diphyllobothrium latum too, woot) biliary tract inflammation at cats, dogs, humans ```
77
when I say biliary tract disease and cholangiocarcinoma you say
clonorchis sinensis
78
when I say brain cysts and seizures you say?
taenia solium - egg ingestion
79
hematuria painless | squamous cell carcinoma
schistosoma haematobium
80
liver/hydatid cysts
echinococcus granulosus
81
microcytic anaemia
necator americanus | acyclostoma duodenale
82
myalgia and periorbital edema
trichenella spiralis
83
perianal pruritus
enterobius vermicularis
84
portal hypertension
schistosoma mansion and japonicum
85
pulmonary hypertension
schistosoma haemotobium
86
vitamin B12 deficiency
diphyllobothrium latum
87
fresh water fish
diphyllobothrium latum | clonorchis sinensis

Microbiology - step (9 decks)

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