parasitology - large animal worms Flashcards

1
Q

Dictyocaulus arnfeldi

  • seen in what animals
  • DH
  • dx
A

horse lungworm

  • DH = donkeys seen in horses housed around donkeys
  • dx = baermann
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2
Q

Dictyocaulus viviparous

  • seen in what animals
  • ingest what life stage? where does it go?
  • dx
  • tx
A

the horse lungworm

  • ingest L3s: hatch in SI and migrate via lymphatics to lungs, molt to L4, are coughed and swallowed where they molt
  • dx via baermann or trach wash
  • tx = fenbendazole, ivermectin, leamisole, albendazole
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3
Q

Dictyocaulus filarial

  • seen in what animals
  • clinical signs
A
  • goat lungworm

- bronchitis in goats

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4
Q

Cochliomyia hominivorax

  • what type of worm
  • how was it eradicated?
  • CS
  • what other flies may do this to wounds?
A

screw worms! (metallic blue-green fly)

  • eradicated from the US by releasing lots of sterile males
  • CS: myiasis - laying eggs on wounds, maggots feed on flesh creating a large wound
  • Sarcophaga spp (flesh flies) will also do this
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5
Q
Oestrus ovis
affects what animal
- what happens?
- CS
- dx
tx
A

affects sheep!

  • fly deposits larvae at nostrils and they migrate into nose to develop
  • CS: sneezing, head shaking, nose rubbing, nasal discharge, stridor
  • cytology of nasal discharge = eosinophils and mast cells
  • tx = ivermectin
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6
Q
Hematopinus 
what worm is it and what does it infect?
- CS in what age?
- how is it diagnosed? 
- how many legs do they have?
A

blood sucking lice in cows!

  • CS: severe anemia, in calvs 2 - 7 months old, susceptible to pneumonia
  • dx via skin scraping: lice have SIX legs
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7
Q

neospora caninum

  • what does it cause in what animal and at what age?
  • DH
  • what is common presentation?
  • what is unique about this clinical sign?
  • what lesion do you usually see ?
A

it causes abortion (at 4 - 6 months) in cattle!

  • DH = dog
  • Common presentation: may see a dog on a farm suffering from diffuse muscle atrophy and trouble ambulating hind limbs while cows are aborting
  • unique thing: most other abortions occur later in gestation from brucella, listeria, lepto, etc.
  • lesion: autolysis of fetus with granulomas in brain
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8
Q

Sarcocystis hirsuta - ?
S. hominis - ?
S. cruzi - ?
all affect what animal?

A

S. hirsuta = cats
S. hominis = humans
S. cruzi = dogs
all affect cows

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9
Q

lifecycle of sarcocystis

A

carnivore eats cow with encysted muscle, cysts form sporocysts that are shed in feces and eaten by cows - sporocysts hatch and invade muscle to form cysts - all in 10 weeks

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10
Q

what are the CS of sarcocystis in cows

how is it prevented?

A

CS: fever, anorexia, salivation, weakness, muscle fasciculations, weight loss

prevention: stop carnivores from invading area

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11
Q

Trypanosoma brucei
vector?
causes what in cattle? humans?
CS

A

vector = tsetse fly
causes Nagana in cattle
causes African sleeping sickness in humans
CS = fever, anemia, weight loss, sleeping sickness

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12
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi
what disease does it cause?
vector?
what organ systems are affected?

A

Chagas disease
vector = Reduvid beetle
affects nervous, digestive and cardiac systems

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