Parkinsons Disease

Question 1

What is Parkinson’s Disease?

Answer 1

A neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement control.

Question 2

What is the primary neurotransmitter affected in Parkinson’s Disease?

Answer 2

Dopamine.

Question 3

Name a common first-line medication used to treat Parkinson’s Disease.

Answer 3

Levodopa.

Question 4

What is the action of Levodopa?

Answer 4

It is converted to dopamine in the brain, helping to improve motor function.

Question 5

What are some common adverse effects of Levodopa?

Answer 5

Nausea, vomiting, dyskinesia, and orthostatic hypotension.

Question 6

True or False: Levodopa should be taken with food.

Answer 6

True.

Question 7

What is the role of Carbidopa when combined with Levodopa?

Answer 7

It prevents the conversion of Levodopa to dopamine outside the brain, reducing side effects.

Question 8

What is a common brand name for the combination of Carbidopa and Levodopa?

Answer 8

Sinemet.

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The use of Levodopa may lead to ________ after prolonged use.

Answer 9

Motor fluctuations.

Question 10

What is an important contraindication for using Levodopa?

Answer 10

Narrow-angle glaucoma.

Question 11

Name an anticholinergic medication used in Parkinson’s Disease.

Answer 11

Benztropine.

Question 12

What is the action of Benztropine?

Answer 12

It helps to reduce tremors and rigidity by blocking cholinergic activity.

Question 13

What are common adverse effects of anticholinergics like Benztropine?

Answer 13

Dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, and blurred vision.

Question 14

True or False: Anticholinergics are preferred for older adults with Parkinson’s Disease.

Answer 14

False.

Question 15

What is the action of MAO-B inhibitors in Parkinson’s Disease treatment?

Answer 15

They inhibit the enzyme that breaks down dopamine, increasing dopamine availability.

Question 16

Name a common MAO-B inhibitor used in Parkinson’s Disease.

Answer 16

Rasagiline.

Question 17

What are potential adverse effects of MAO-B inhibitors?

Answer 17

Headache, dizziness, and gastrointestinal issues.

Question 18

What is a serious contraindication for MAO-B inhibitors?

Answer 18

Concomitant use with certain antidepressants, such as SSRIs.

Question 19

Name a dopamine agonist used in Parkinson’s Disease.

Answer 19

Pramipexole.

Question 20

What is the action of dopamine agonists?

Answer 20

They stimulate dopamine receptors directly, mimicking dopamine effects.

Question 21

What are common adverse effects of dopamine agonists?

Answer 21

Nausea, hallucinations, and sleepiness.

Question 22

True or False: Dopamine agonists are often used as first-line treatment.

Answer 22

False.

Question 23

What is the role of COMT inhibitors in Parkinson’s Disease management?

Answer 23

They prolong the effect of Levodopa by inhibiting its metabolism.

Question 24

Name a common COMT inhibitor.

Answer 24

Entacapone.

Question 25

What are potential adverse effects of COMT inhibitors?

Answer 25

Diarrhea, urine discoloration, and dyskinesia.

Question 26

What is an important contraindication for COMT inhibitors?

Answer 26

Severe liver impairment.

Question 27

What is the action of Amantadine in Parkinson's Disease?

Answer 27

It increases dopamine release and has anticholinergic properties.

Question 28

What are common adverse effects of Amantadine?

Answer 28

Dizziness, insomnia, and livedo reticularis.

Question 29

True or False: Amantadine is effective for both motor and non-motor symptoms.

Answer 29

True.

Question 30

What is the mechanism of action of Apomorphine?

Answer 30

It acts as a fast-acting dopamine agonist.

Question 31

What are common adverse effects of Apomorphine?

Answer 31

Nausea, vomiting, and hypotension.

Question 32

What is a key contraindication for Apomorphine?

Answer 32

Concomitant use with 5-HT3 antagonists (anti-nausea medications).

Question 33

Fill in the blank: Patients using Levodopa may experience ________ if they suddenly stop the medication.

Answer 33

Withdrawal symptoms.

Question 34

What is a significant risk associated with prolonged use of dopamine agonists?

Answer 34

Impulse control disorders.

Question 35

What should patients be monitored for when taking Parkinson's medications?

Answer 35

Motor symptoms, adverse effects, and mental status changes.

Question 36

What lifestyle change can help manage Parkinson's symptoms?

Answer 36

Regular physical exercise.

Question 37

True or False: There is a cure for Parkinson's Disease.

Answer 37

False.

Question 38

What is the importance of patient education in Parkinson's Disease management?

Answer 38

To ensure adherence to medications and awareness of side effects.

Question 39

Name a non-pharmacological therapy for Parkinson's Disease.

Answer 39

Physical therapy.

Question 40

What is the role of occupational therapy in Parkinson's Disease?

Answer 40

To help patients maintain daily living skills and independence.

Question 41

What dietary recommendation is important for patients on Levodopa?

Answer 41

Limit protein intake during medication dosing.

Question 42

Fill in the blank: ________ should be monitored in patients taking MAO-B inhibitors.

Answer 42

Blood pressure.

Question 43

What is a common side effect of dopamine agonists that affects daily activities?

Answer 43

Excessive daytime sleepiness.

Question 44

What is the primary goal of Parkinson's Disease treatment?

Answer 44

To control symptoms and improve quality of life.

Question 45

True or False: Parkinson's Disease primarily affects older adults.

Answer 45

True.

Question 46

What is the role of deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's Disease treatment?

Answer 46

To reduce motor symptoms when medications are ineffective.