Part 1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Classification: striated muscle (or skeletal muscle)
Voluntary muscle
Classification:
smooth muscle
cardiac muscle
Involuntary muscle
The cell membrane of the muscle fiber
Sarcolemma
Characteristics of skeletal muscles
Attach to bones
Long and cylindrical
Voluntary (somatic Nervous system)
Used for movement, posture, and balance
Characteristics of Cardiac muscle
Found in the heart
Branched and cylindrical
Has striations
Ans
It contracts the heart to pump blood
Characteristics of smooth muscle
Located in walls of hollow organs, blood vessels & glands
Spindle shaped
No striations
Ans
It moves GIT/regulate blood vessels
Found in hollow organs & small blood vessels.
Autorhythmic
Gap junctions cause fibers to contract in UNISON.
SINGLE-UNIT (Visceral)
Individual fibers with own motor neuron ending
Found in large arteries, large airways and arrector pili.
The cells can act and function independently of the others.
Multi-unit
Most organs that receive autonomic neurons are innervated by both the parasympathetic and the sympathetic division, a phenomenon known as dual innervation. T/F
True
It has the property of adjusting in response to stressful situations such as
Adrenergic
Sympathetic nervous system
It maintains essential bodily functions (digestive processes and elimination of wastes) and is required for life.
Cholinergic
PARASYMPATHETIC
Neurotransmitters of Sympathetic
Acetylcholine (pre)
& Catecholamines (post ganglia)
Neurotransmitter of Parasympathetic
Acetylcholine (both
pre and post ganglia)
Receptors of sympathetic
Ganglionic: Nicotinic (Nn)
Postganglionic: α, β and D
Receptors of parasympathetic
Ganglionic: Nn
Postganglionic: Muscarinic & Nicotinic
responsible for pigmentation.
Tyrosinase
Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight for albino rabbits /T/F
True
Why are the eyes of albino rabbits red?
Absence of melanin
If a rabbit doesn’t have white fur but red eyes= It can be a sign of
Hyperemia
An acute ocular toxicity test that was devised in 1944 by two toxicologists at the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), John H. Draize and Jacob M. Spines.
Used in testing eye care product
Draize test
Designed to assess local responses to material extracts following intracutaneous injection into rabbits
Intracutaenous test
the objective of the test is to detect both topical and systemic effects.
verifies the presence of dermal reactions to the test substance on the skin of the test animals by making a small scar on the test animals’ skin
Primary irritation test
Other term for rabbit fever
Tularemia
Causative agent of Tularemia
Francisella tularensis
