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TT284: block 1 - Basic Web Technologies > Part 1 - A brief history of the internet > Flashcards

Part 1 - A brief history of the internet Flashcards

1
Q

this splits the computing workload between:
* Client (front-end) - handles processing and displaying data
* Server (back-end) - handles processing and distributing data/content

A

how does a web application split computer workloads

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2
Q

describe the
content-length header
from a HTTP respoonse message

A

tells us the size of the returned file in the unit size defined in accept-ranges. Browsers can use this information to create progress bars in cases where data is downloaded

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3
Q
  • invented by tim berners-lee
  • Essentially runs on top of the internet but allows for requesting and sending information in a consistent manner
  • Is comprised of the protocols HTTP, HTML
A

describe in 3 points the
world wide web

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4
Q

This gives the server additional information regarding our request

A

what are the header lines for in a HTTP GET request

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5
Q

what 5 things should be kept in mind when developing a web application

A

these include:
* Ensure the website is loaded as fast as possible
* Ensure users can easily find what they are looking for (usability)
* The web application is tested and delivered to schedule
* Built so that it can be maintained and expanded when needed
* Be scalable and responsive

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6
Q

tells us the size of the returned file in the unit size defined in accept-ranges. Browsers can use this information to create progress bars in cases where data is downloaded

A

describe the
content-length header
from a HTTP respoonse message

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7
Q

shows the date and time that the response message was created

A

describe the
date header
from a HTTP respoonse message

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8
Q

describe in 3 points the
world wide web

A
  • invented by tim berners-lee
  • Essentially runs on top of the internet but allows for requesting and sending information in a consistent manner
  • Is comprised of the protocols HTTP, HTML
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9
Q

this is content that is changeable. the web application may keep track of
* Keep track of possibly thousands of items and customers
* Keep track of individual users
* Including there purchases
* There activity

A

describe
dynamic web content

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10
Q

what are the 3 parts that make up a HTTP GET request

A

this is made up of
* The request line
* One or more header lines
* Body or payload

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11
Q

what is
accessiblity

A

ensures that the web application can be used even by those who are physically or mentally disadvantaged

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12
Q

this tells the client what type of data they will be receiving

A

describe the
content-type header
from a HTTP respoonse message

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13
Q

describe the
request line
from a HTTP GET request

A

This lets the server know which resources we are interested in. It is made up of three parts separated by white space

GET / HTTP/1.1

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14
Q

how does a web application split computer workloads

A

this splits the computing workload between:
* Client (front-end) - handles processing and displaying data
* Server (back-end) - handles processing and distributing data/content

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15
Q

this is made up of
* The request line
* One or more header lines
* Body or payload

A

what are the 3 parts that make up a HTTP GET request

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16
Q

describe the
HTTP connection header

A

used by client and server and signifies whether the connection should stay open or not

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17
Q

describe the
last-modified header
from a HTTP respoonse message

A

details of when the resource was last modified. The browser may cache the resource with the timestamp so when it next accesses the resource if the timestamps are not to far in the past it will re use the already cached resource

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18
Q

is 6 points summarise what a web application should fullfil

A
  • fulfils some form of ‘business’ requirement
  • is built using internet and web technologies and protocols
  • is delivered by distributed architecture
  • is standards-compliant
  • should be usable
  • should be accessible.
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19
Q

this gives the server information about the user agent that is requesting the resources this can include info such as your OS and browser

A

describe the
HTTP user-agent header

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20
Q
  • fulfils some form of ‘business’ requirement
  • is built using internet and web technologies and protocols
  • is delivered by distributed architecture
  • is standards-compliant
  • should be usable
  • should be accessible.
A

is 6 points summarise what a web application should fullfil

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21
Q

describe the
content-type header
from a HTTP respoonse message

A

this tells the client what type of data they will be receiving

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22
Q

what 3 parts is a HTTP response message made up of

A

this is made up of:
* Status line
* Header lines
* Body

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23
Q

describe
hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)

A

allows a client to request information from a server and the server reply to the request

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24
Q

this tells the server which type of resources we can accept. we may also set a priority on resources

A

describe the
HTTP accept header

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25
used for caching purposes and validates that a locally cached resource is identical to the one stored on the server if so then the server will not send the resource and it can be found locally using the cached copy
describe the **ETag (Entity Tag) header** from a HTTP respoonse message
26
is part of the ranges system. The ranges system lets the client request only part of a file instead of having to download the whole file. This tells the client what unit size we are working with
describe the **accept-ranges header** from a HTTP respoonse message
27
describe the HTTP status codes beginning with 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
1xx - this is information status codes 2xx - this is a success status code 3xx - this status code means that the resource has been moved and information of where it can be found may be given 4xx - this indicates a client error (404 code, which indicates that the requested resource was not found) 5xx - this indicates that there was a server side error
28
ensures that the web application can be used even by those who are physically or mentally disadvantaged
what is **accessiblity**
29
allows a client to request information from a server and the server reply to the request
describe **hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)**
30
what is **usability**
this ensures that the user interface is intuitive and unambiguous. essentially meaning that the user can easily navigate the web application and find what they are looking for
31
Born in 2004 works with the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in maintaining and evolving html and other technologies that are a fundamental part of a web platform
what is the **Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG)**
32
this is a web page that is unchanging and every client requesting it will see the same content. it does not take into account: * Who you are * Where your from * When you visit
describe a **static web page**
33
what is the **World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)**
This standards body maintains presentation languages and technologies including: * Html * Css * SVG * AJAX * XML * XSLT
34
describe **hypertext markup language**
is a markup language that allows us to present and structure information. within it can be embedded: * text * images * videos * scripts
35
describe the **HTTP user-agent header**
this gives the server information about the user agent that is requesting the resources this can include info such as your OS and browser
36
describe the **status line** of a HTTP response
This informs the client on the outcome of the request and is broken into three parts separated by whitespace HTTP/1.1 200 OK
37
what are the header lines for in a HTTP GET request
This gives the server additional information regarding our request
38
what is **response time**
the time between requesting a resource and it being delivered
39
when this is received by a server it wil: 1.Check that it can find the resource that is given in the GET message 2.Check that the user has the permissions to access that resource 3.Create a response 4.Send the response back to the client with the resource
what 4 things happen when a server receives a **HTTP GET request**
40
used by client and server and signifies whether the connection should stay open or not
describe the **HTTP connection header**
41
details of when the resource was last modified. The browser may cache the resource with the timestamp so when it next accesses the resource if the timestamps are not to far in the past it will re use the already cached resource
describe the **last-modified header** from a HTTP respoonse message
42
what is a **name server**
part of the DNS and will hold information about your domain including: * A record (IPv4 address) * AAAA record (IPv6 address)
43
describe the **accept-ranges header** from a HTTP respoonse message
is part of the ranges system. The ranges system lets the client request only part of a file instead of having to download the whole file. This tells the client what unit size we are working with
44
GET / HTTP/1.1 From the above example Part 1 (GET) - this is known as the request verb and tells the server that we would like to get information Part 2 (/) - this part tells the server which resource we want in this case we want the root directory Part 3 (HTTP/1.1) - this part specifies the version of the HTTP protocol we would like to use in this case 1.1
describe the 3 parts that make up the **request line** from a HTTP GET request
45
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Part 1 (the HTTP protocol version) - this notifies the client of the http version the server is using. The server can change version if it does not support the version the client is using Part 2 (the HTTP status code) - this is a three digit status code that tells the client the outcome of the request Part 3 (the reason phrase) - this is a human readable explanation of the status code
what are the 3 parts of the **status line** from a HTTP response
46
describe **dynamic web content**
this is content that is changeable. the web application may keep track of * Keep track of possibly thousands of items and customers * Keep track of individual users * Including there purchases * There activity
47
gives the name and version of the server software
describe the **server header** from a HTTP respoonse message
48
when creating these the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends **meaningful domain names so that resources can be easily identified and the structure used can be recognised in the URL**
what is the recommendation from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) when **creating a domain name**
49
This informs the client on the outcome of the request and is broken into three parts separated by whitespace HTTP/1.1 200 OK
describe the **status line** of a HTTP response
50
is used by a browser so that it may request information from a server
describe the HTTP GET method
51
describe a **static web page**
this is a web page that is unchanging and every client requesting it will see the same content. it does not take into account: * Who you are * Where your from * When you visit
52
this will resolve a **business requirement** A business requirement could include allowing customers to: * Order goods or services * Access email * Exchange messages * Bid at an online auction * Distribute information to visitors
what does a web application resolve
53
what 5 aspects might affect the response time when making a request to a server
aspects include * The server * The servers connection to the internet * File sizes * The client * The clients connection to the internet
54
what is the **Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)**
This standards body looks after transportation or internet delivery protocols such as http
55
This standards body maintains presentation languages and technologies including: * Html * Css * SVG * AJAX * XML * XSLT
what is the **World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)**
56
describe the 3 parts that make up the **request line** from a HTTP GET request
GET / HTTP/1.1 From the above example Part 1 (GET) - this is known as the request verb and tells the server that we would like to get information Part 2 (/) - this part tells the server which resource we want in this case we want the root directory Part 3 (HTTP/1.1) - this part specifies the version of the HTTP protocol we would like to use in this case 1.1
57
1. this was born from research carried out by The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANet) project of 1969. its aim was to create computer networks resillient to failure 2. from the project protocols including TCP and IP were born
**the internet** 1. how was it born 2. what protocols did it use
58
what are the 3 parts of the **status line** from a HTTP response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Part 1 (the HTTP protocol version) - this notifies the client of the http version the server is using. The server can change version if it does not support the version the client is using Part 2 (the HTTP status code) - this is a three digit status code that tells the client the outcome of the request Part 3 (the reason phrase) - this is a human readable explanation of the status code
59
a requirement from HTTP 1.1 and tells the server which host has the resource we want this is important especially when a server has many hosts/websites
describe the **HTTP HOST header**
60
describe the HTTP GET method
is used by a browser so that it may request information from a server
61
1xx - this is information status codes 2xx - this is a success status code 3xx - this status code means that the resource has been moved and information of where it can be found may be given 4xx - this indicates a client error (404 code, which indicates that the requested resource was not found) 5xx - this indicates that there was a server side error
describe the HTTP status codes beginning with 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
62
what is the **Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG)**
Born in 2004 works with the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in maintaining and evolving html and other technologies that are a fundamental part of a web platform
63
describe the **date header** from a HTTP respoonse message
shows the date and time that the response message was created
64
This standards body looks after transportation or internet delivery protocols such as http
what is the **Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)**
65
describe the **HTTP HOST header**
a requirement from HTTP 1.1 and tells the server which host has the resource we want this is important especially when a server has many hosts/websites
66
**the internet** 1. how was it born 2. what protocols did it use
1. this was born from research carried out by The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANet) project of 1969. its aim was to create computer networks resillient to failure 2. from the project protocols including TCP and IP were born
67
this is made up of: * Status line * Header lines * Body
what 3 parts is a HTTP response message made up of
68
the time between requesting a resource and it being delivered
what is **response time**
69
what does a web application resolve
this will resolve a **business requirement** A business requirement could include allowing customers to: * Order goods or services * Access email * Exchange messages * Bid at an online auction * Distribute information to visitors
70
these include: * Ensure the website is loaded as fast as possible * Ensure users can easily find what they are looking for (usability) * The web application is tested and delivered to schedule * Built so that it can be maintained and expanded when needed * Be scalable and responsive
what 5 things should be kept in mind when developing a web application
71
aspects include * The server * The servers connection to the internet * File sizes * The client * The clients connection to the internet
what 5 aspects might affect the response time when making a request to a server
72
is a markup language that allows us to present and structure information. within it can be embedded: * text * images * videos * scripts
describe **hypertext markup language**
73
describe the **HTTP accept header**
this tells the server which type of resources we can accept. we may also set a priority on resources
74
This lets the server know which resources we are interested in. It is made up of three parts separated by white space GET / HTTP/1.1
describe the **request line** from a HTTP GET request
75
what 4 things happen when a server receives a **HTTP GET request**
when this is received by a server it wil: 1.Check that it can find the resource that is given in the GET message 2.Check that the user has the permissions to access that resource 3.Create a response 4.Send the response back to the client with the resource
76
what is the recommendation from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) when **creating a domain name**
when creating these the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends **meaningful domain names so that resources can be easily identified and the structure used can be recognised in the URL**
77
this ensures that the user interface is intuitive and unambiguous. essentially meaning that the user can easily navigate the web application and find what they are looking for
what is **usability**
78
describe the **server header** from a HTTP respoonse message
gives the name and version of the server software
79
part of the DNS and will hold information about your domain including: * A record (IPv4 address) * AAAA record (IPv6 address)
what is a **name server**
80
describe the **ETag (Entity Tag) header** from a HTTP respoonse message
used for caching purposes and validates that a locally cached resource is identical to the one stored on the server if so then the server will not send the resource and it can be found locally using the cached copy

TT284: block 1 - Basic Web Technologies (7 decks)

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