Part 4 - An accessible web Flashcards by patrick macpherson

when audio is present on a web page what should it be accompanied by to achieve accessibility

this should be accompanied by a transcript so that screen readers and even search engines can interpret what is being said

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to accompish this we use:
1. <.table></.table> - define a table
2. <.tr></.tr> - define a row in said table
3. <.th></.th> - define that a cell is a table header
4. <.td></.td> - define that a cell contains table data

what 4 html tags can
create a simple table

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which users benefit from a website built with accessibility

this places emphasise on those with mental or physical disabilities however. this also provide benefits for:
* the elderly
* those with temporary disabilities (such as a broken arm)
* those who are not disabled (speech recognition)

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this can be placed in a html document using
<.audio></.audio>

how is audio placed into a html document

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describe the W3C / WAI
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2

this defines standards and guidelines about the content of a web page itself including:
* natural information such as text, images, and sounds
* code or markup that defines structure, presentation
* etc.

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this html tag creates an unordered (bullet point) list

describe the html tag
<.ul></.ul>

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this includes standards and guidelines for implementing accessibility into user agents such as:
* browsers
* browser extensions
* media players
* readers
* other applications that render web content

describe the W3C / WAI
User Agent Accessibility Guidelines (UAAG)

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what is
semantic markup

this is markup that desribes what the element actually is and its purpose
example
<.div> - gives no indication of what it could contain
<.nav> - tells the user agent that this is a navigation bar

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how is audio placed into a html document

this can be placed in a html document using
<.audio></.audio>

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this sets the background color of the selected element(s)

describe the css property
background-color

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this defines standards and guidelines that provide accessibility in authoring tools such as html editors so that:
* make the authoring tools themselves accessible, so that people with disabilities can create web content, and
* help authors create more accessible web content.

describe the W3C / WAI
Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG)

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describe the html tag
<.ul></.ul>

this html tag creates an unordered (bullet point) list

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describe the <.img> attribute
longdesc

this img attribute provides a hyperlink to a detailed description of the image

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describe the
understandable
category from the
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2

W3C describes this as:
Information and the operation of user interface must be understandable.

this means that users must be able to understand and interpret any content that is displayed to them as well as understand how to interact with content and functionality

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describe the css property
background-color

this sets the background color of the selected element(s)

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this img attribute provides a hyperlink to a detailed description of the image

describe the <.img> attribute
longdesc

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this can be used to create list items in an unordered list or an ordered list

describe the html tags
<.li></.li>

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the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) answers this by stating:
Web accessibility means that websites, tools, and technologies are designed and developed so that people with disabilities can use them.

according to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
what does accessibility mean

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this should be accompanied by a transcript so that screen readers and even search engines can interpret what is being said

when audio is present on a web page what should it be accompanied by to achieve accessibility

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this is a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) initiative that develops:
* guidelines which are widely regarded as the international standard for web accessibility
* support materials to help understand and implement web accessibility
* resources, through international collaboration

(source)

what is the
W3C’s Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI)

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describe the
operable
category from the
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2

W3C describes this as:
User interface components and navigation must be operable.

this means that anything that is rendered must be functional and accessible to all

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values for this <.img> attribute include:
* an id to another element
* an absolute URL
* a relative URL

what 3 values can be given to the <.img>
longdesc attribute

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what 3 values can be given to the <.img>
longdesc attribute

values for this <.img> attribute include:
* an id to another element
* an absolute URL
* a relative URL

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to
meet UK government accessibility requirements
what 4 things must a digital service meet

to meet this a digital service must:
* meet level AA of theWeb Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1)as a minimum
* work on the most commonly usedassistive technologies- including screen magnifiers, screen readers and speech recognition tools
* include disabled people inuser research
* have anaccessibility statementthat explains how accessible the service is - you need to publish this when the service moves into public beta

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describe the W3C / WAI **Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG)**

this defines standards and guidelines that provide accessibility in authoring tools such as html editors so that: * make the authoring tools themselves accessible, so that people with disabilities can create web content, and * help authors create more accessible web content.

name 5 hints that are given by the W3C that can help **increase the websites operability**

these include: * Make all functionality available from a keyboard. * Give users enough time to read and use content. * Do not use content that causes seizures or physical reactions. * Help users navigate and find content. * Make it easier to use inputs other than keyboard.

W3C describes this as: Content must be robust enough that it can be interpreted by by a wide variety of user agents, including assistive technologies. this includes past, present and upcoming technologies

describe the **robust** category from the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2

describe the **title attribute**

this attribute defines some extra information about an element. The value of the this attribute will be displayed as a tooltip when you mouse over the element

what 4 html tags can **create a simple table**

to accompish this we use: 1. <.table> - define a table 2. <.tr> - define a row in said table 3. <.th> - define that a cell is a table header 4. <.td> - define that a cell contains table data

this specifies the type of positioning method used for an element

describe the css **position Property**

W3C describes this as: Information and user interface components must be presentable to users in ways they can perceive. this means that all users must be aware of all content and components that are being rendered

describe the **perceivable** category from the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2

what is the **W3C’s Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI)**

this is a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) initiative that develops: * guidelines which are widely regarded as the international standard for web accessibility * support materials to help understand and implement web accessibility * resources, through international collaboration ([source](https://www.w3.org/WAI/about/))

according to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) **what does accessibility mean**

the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) answers this by stating: Web accessibility means that websites, tools, and technologies are designed and developed so that people with disabilities can use them.

this is a term that describing that the information and functionality of a website is accessible and understandable by all.

describe **accessibility** in the context of the web

This property sets the width of an element. The width of an element does not include padding, borders, or margins!

describe the css property **width**

this includes: * * static * * relative * * fixed * * absolute * * sticky

what are the 5 positioning methods that can be used with the **css position property**

this includes: * Maximize compatibility with current and future user tools.

name 1 hint that are given by the W3C that can help **increase the websites robustness**

this includes: * Maximize compatibility with current and future user tools.

this is markup that desribes what the element actually is and its purpose example <.div> - gives no indication of what it could contain <.nav> - tells the user agent that this is a navigation bar

what is **semantic markup**

describe the html tags **<.li>**

this can be used to create list items in an unordered list or an ordered list

these include: * perceivable * operable * understandable * robust

what are the 4 categories that the (W3C) (WAI) **Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2** is broken into

describe the html tags **<.ol>**

this html tag creates an ordered (numbered) list

what are the 5 positioning methods that can be used with the **css position property**

this includes: * * static * * relative * * fixed * * absolute * * sticky

name 3 hints that are given by the W3C that can help **increase the websites understandability**

these include: * Make text readable and understandable. * Make content appear and operate in predictable ways. * Help users avoid and correct mistakes.

this defines standards and guidelines about the content of a web page itself including: * natural information such as text, images, and sounds * code or markup that defines structure, presentation * etc.

describe the W3C / WAI **Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2**

W3C describes this as: Information and the operation of user interface must be understandable. this means that users must be able to understand and interpret any content that is displayed to them as well as understand how to interact with content and functionality

describe the **understandable** category from the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2

when creating tables its important this tag is used as screen readers will convey this information making the table perceivable and accessible

for accessibility why is it important to use **<.th> - table haeder tags**

these include: * Make text readable and understandable. * Make content appear and operate in predictable ways. * Help users avoid and correct mistakes.

name 3 hints that are given by the W3C that can help **increase the websites understandability**

this html tag creates an ordered (numbered) list

describe the html tags **<.ol>**

what is the syntax for the <.img> **longdesc attribute**

syntax for this is: <.img longdesc="string">

the 3 categories this is broken into are: * Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2 * Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG) * User Agent Accessibility Guidelines (UAAG)

what three categories is the W3C **web accessibility initiative (WAI)** broken into

this attribute defines some extra information about an element. The value of the this attribute will be displayed as a tooltip when you mouse over the element

describe the **title attribute**

describe the **perceivable** category from the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2

describe the css **position Property**

this specifies the type of positioning method used for an element

this is important to use because it tells the user agent the structure of the content. a user agent can then use this information so that it can be conveyed in a meningfull way if for exampe a screen reader is in use

why is the use of semantic markup important

name 4 hints that are given by the W3C that can help **increase the websites perceivability**

these include: * Provide text alternatives for non-text content. * Provide captions and other alternatives for multimedia. * Create content that can be presented in different ways, including by assistive technologies, without losing meaning. * Make it easier for users to see and hear content.

syntax for this is: <.img longdesc="string">

what is the syntax for the <.img> **longdesc attribute**

to meet this a digital service must: * meet level AA of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1) as a minimum * work on the most commonly used assistive technologies - including screen magnifiers, screen readers and speech recognition tools * include disabled people in user research * have an accessibility statement that explains how accessible the service is - you need to publish this when the service moves into public beta

to **meet UK government accessibility requirements** what 4 things must a digital service meet

W3C describes this as: User interface components and navigation must be operable. this means that anything that is rendered must be functional and accessible to all

describe the **operable** category from the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2

what are the 4 categories that the (W3C) (WAI) **Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2** is broken into

these include: * perceivable * operable * understandable * robust

name 4 hints that are given by the W3C that can help **increase the websites perceivability**

describe the css property **width**

This property sets the width of an element. The width of an element does not include padding, borders, or margins!

why is the use of semantic markup important

describe the **robust** category from the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2

name 5 hints that are given by the W3C that can help **increase the websites operability**

this places emphasise on those with mental or physical disabilities however. this also provide benefits for: * the elderly * those with temporary disabilities (such as a broken arm) * those who are not disabled (speech recognition)

which users benefit from a website built with accessibility

describe **accessibility** in the context of the web

this is a term that describing that the information and functionality of a website is accessible and understandable by all.

for accessibility why is it important to use **<.th> - table haeder tags**

when creating tables its important this tag is used as screen readers will convey this information making the table perceivable and accessible

describe the W3C / WAI **User Agent Accessibility Guidelines (UAAG)**

this includes standards and guidelines for implementing accessibility into user agents such as: * browsers * browser extensions * media players * readers * other applications that render web content

what three categories is the W3C **web accessibility initiative (WAI)** broken into

the 3 categories this is broken into are: * Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2 * Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG) * User Agent Accessibility Guidelines (UAAG)