Part 2 Flashcards
(41 cards)
The central nervous system control what
How do the CNS do that
What did the Vegas nerve supply
Involuntary involuntary respiration
Through pons in the medulla
The Vegas nerve supplies the pharynx, larynx respiratory airway and lungs
What are the brainstem 🧠 chemoreceptor sensitive to
What are the chemo receptors in the aorta 🫀 in the carotid arteries sensitive to
They are sensitive to changes in CO2 and hydrogen ions in the cerebral spinal fluid
Are sensitive to oxygen levels in the blood
The Signal of changing level of hydrogen ion CO2 and oxygen triggers what
Respiratory center to send signals through the spinal cord in the spinal nerve to the peripheral nervous system
And phrenic and intercostal nerves
The intercoastal nerves controls what
The diaphragm and respiratory muscles
What happens to CO2 level in the cerebrospinal spinal fluid becomes too high or the PH drops
The central receptors in the brain stem signals the nerve to initiate faster respiratory to “blow off ” excess CO2
What gives the primary signal for respiration
CO2
When arterial blood oxygen level are below normal what happens to the respiratory center in the aorta in the carotid artery’s What do they signal
Signals the nerves nerves to cause the lung 🫁 to inflate more fully making the person breathe 🧘♀️ more deeply and faster
When CO2 levels are constantly hi this example of what type of patient
COPD
When CO2 levels are constantly high What does the body do
What does research so when you give a COPD patient more oxygen what changes in their body
The body becomes a custom to high CO2 levels in the respiratory drives is triggered by receptors for low arterial O2 instead of high levels of CO2
Vascular, ventilation, and perfusion changes
I should you give oxygen to a patient that has COPD
Oxygen must be given and titrated to maintain a pulse ox them in maintain reading of 82 to 92%
How many milliliters of air moves in and out of the lungs with each breath
500 mL
Occurs by the movement of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles in the chest wall
Inhalation and exhalation
What occur in inhalation and exhalation
Occurs by the movement of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles in the chest wall
What is the primary respiratory muscle
The diaphragm
I dome shape muscle beneath the lungs that helps with breathing
Diaphragm
When the diaphragm contracts what happens
It moves downward
The other chest muscle contracts pulling the rib cage up ⬆️ and out expanding the lungs 🫁 and creating an area of negative pressure
What happens when the diaphragm relaxes
The rib cage move back to its normal position
- the lungs 🫁 return to resting position
- causing air to be possibly push out an explanation
If damage to the spinal cord occurs above the level where the PHRENIC nerve branches off to control the diaphragm what happens
Voluntary respiration ceases
If the muscles of the diaphragm and chest (intercostal) Are paralyze what occurs
Apnea- absence of breathing
The thoracic cage is composed of what
What is the function of the thoracic cage
Thoracic vertebrae
the sternum
And the rib
Let’s respiratory muscles function correctly
If any bones of the thorax or chest wall or injured or fractured what does it affect
Breathing
Elasticity of the lungs or how easily the lungs inflate ?
What happens when it decreases?
How do COPD and aging altar this?
Compliance
The lungs are more difficult to inflate
Artist compliance because of damage in the Alveoli
Weakness of the respiratory muscles, such as occurs with neuromuscular diseases, can also cause what
decrease respiratory ability
Inwards curvature in collapse
Kyphosis
