Part 3

Question 1

Eukaryote characteristics

Answer 1

Nucleus, organelles, ribosomes, some have cell walls.

Question 2

Prokaryote

Answer 2

No nucleus, no organellles, small ribosome, have cell walls

Question 3

What chemical makes up the cell wall?

Answer 3

Peptidoglycan. Gram positive and gram negative

Question 4

Glyocalyx function

Answer 4

Protect bacteria or attach it to other surface

Question 5

3 bacteria shapes

Answer 5

Cocci (round), bacilli (round shaped) , spiral

Question 6

Gram positive cells have what color stain?

Answer 6

Purple

Question 7

Gram negative cells have what color

Answer 7

Counter stained pink

Question 8

Enteric/ coliform bacteria includes what? Infects what?

Answer 8

E. coli, salmonella, shigella. Infect gi tract

Question 9

Mycobacterium has what kind of an outer layer. What does it cause?

Answer 9

Outer layer of wax/lipids. Causes disease tuberculosis and leporsy

Question 10

Clostridium is gram positive or negative? What does it cause?

Answer 10

Gram positive rod. Causes tetnus, botulism, gangrene.

Question 11

Borellia shape? Causes what?

Answer 11

Spiochetes. Causes Lyme disease which is transmitted by a tick.

Question 12

Treoponema is what shape? What does it cause?

Answer 12

Is a spirochete and causes syphilils

Question 13

Protozoan characteristics

Answer 13

Eukaryotic, single celled, move by flagella, cilia, or amoebic motion

Question 14

Protozoan can make a tough survival stage called? When not in this stage what is it called?

Answer 14

A cyst. This is the stage that transmits disease. Remainder of the time they are in a form known as a trophozoite

Question 15

Where are protozoan usually found?

Answer 15

In water or moist areas

Question 16

Protozoan diseases

Answer 16

Small number, most important is malaria, trypanisoma.

Question 17

Fungi micro organisms characerisistics

Answer 17

Single cells and mull cellular. Deconposers. Reproduce asexual or sexual spores

Question 18

Examples of molds

Answer 18

Penicillium and mushrooms

Question 19

Yeasts

Answer 19

Single called fungus, carry out fermentation

Question 20

Fungal diseases in the skin

Answer 20

Dermatophytes and candida

Question 21

Dermatophytes does what and is caused by what?

Answer 21

Break down keratin in the skin, know. As ringworm, and is caused by fungi such as epiderophyton and trichophyton

Question 22

Candida

Answer 22

Infect mouth, intestines, or vagina. Often seen in immunosuppressed patients

Question 23

What are 2 groups of parasitic worms

Answer 23

Fluke and tapeworm (primitive) and roundworms

Question 24

Virus characteristics

Answer 24

Very small, have only protein coat (capsid ) and nucleus acid (genome). Some have outer membrane called envelop. They are not cells and are neither prokaryotes or eukaryotes

Question 25

Stages of viral replication

Answer 25

``` Attachment to host Penetration Uncoating Synthesis Maturation ```

Question 26

Virus enters host cell how?

Answer 26

By endocytosis or fusion of the envelope

Question 27

Uncoating of virus means?

Answer 27

Genome is released from inside the capsid

Question 28

Two atypical viruses

Answer 28

Viroids and prions

Question 29

Viroids are made up of?

Answer 29

Small pieces of rna with no protein

Question 30

Why does influenza virus infect repeatedly?

Answer 30

It changes its surface proteins often so avoids immune response

Question 31

Epidemiology is the study of?

Answer 31

Disease transmission