Part 3: Nerves of the Eye and Orbit

Question 1

Draw the ciliary ganglion:

Answer 1

Question 2

Nerves and arteries entering the orbit that are not contained by the muscles forming the common ring tendon:

Answer 2

FLTS

1. Facial Nerve (branch of V1)
2. Lacrimal Nerve (branch of V1)
3. Trochlear Nerve (CN4)
4. Superior Ophthalmic Vein

Question 3

The common ring tendon surrounds the:

Answer 3

• optic canal
• medial part of superior orbital fissure

Question 4

What nerves of the trigeminal nerve enter the orbit via the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 4

• branches of the opthalmic nerve (V1)
  
  • frontal nerve
  • nasociliary nerve
  • lacrimal nerve

Question 5

Branches of the frontal nerve and their function:

Answer 5

• Trigeminal
• Ophthalmic (V1)
• Frontal
• Supraorbital
• Supratrochlear

SENSORY TO SKIN OVER ORBIT AND FOREHEAD

Question 6

Branches of the nasociliary nerve:

Answer 6

• Trigeminal
• Ophthalmic (V1)
• Nasociliary
• Long ciliary
• Short ciliary
• Ethmoidal
• Infratrochlear

Question 7

Lacrimal nerve derivation and function:

Answer 7

• Trigeminal
• Ophthalmic (V1)
• Lacrimal

sensory innervation to lacrimal gland.

postganglionic parasympathetic fibers reach lacrimal gland by hitchhiking on lacrimal nerve.

Question 8

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers reach lacrimal gland by hitchhiking on what nerve?

Answer 8

lacrimal nerve

Question 9

The eyeball receives general sensory innervation from what nerves?

Answer 9

• long ciliary and short ciliary nerves
• both branches of nasociliary

Question 10

Function of the ethmoidal nerves and their derivation:

Answer 10

• sensory to ethmoid air cells, anterior cranial fossa and nasal cavity
• branches of nasociliary

Question 11

Label all:

Answer 11

Question 12

Label all:

Answer 12

Question 13

The Nasociliary Nerve gives rise to what ganglion?

Answer 13

Sensory Root of the Ciliary Ganglion

Question 14

Branches of Maxillary Division (V2) of the Trigeminal nerve:

Answer 14

• zygomatic nerve
• infraorbital nerve

Question 15

Prior to entering the orbit, oculomotor nerve (CN3) divides into:

Answer 15

• Superior Division
• Inferior Division

Question 16

The superior division of the oculomotor nerve (CN3) carries somatic motor innervation to what muscles?

Answer 16

• levator palpebrae superioris
• superior rectus

Question 17

The inferior division of the oculomotor nerve (CN3) carries somatic motor innervation to what muscles?

Answer 17

• inferior rectus
• medial rectus
• inferior oblique

Question 18

What nerve fibers carry preganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers to the ciliary ganglion?

Answer 18

• inferior division of the oculomotor nerve (CN3)

Question 19

Trochlear nerve (CN4) innervates what muscle?

Answer 19

superior oblique

Question 20

Abducens nerve (CN6) innervates what muscle?

Answer 20

lateral rectus

Question 21

What is the sole blood supply to the visual receptor cells of the retina?

Answer 21

central artery of the retina

Question 22

Label all:

Answer 22

Question 23

Draw the Frontal Section Through Orbit Behind Eyeball (layers):

Answer 23

Question 24

Label all:

Answer 24

Question 25

Label all:

Answer 25

Question 26

Label:

Answer 26

Question 27

Label all:

Answer 27

Question 28

Label all:

Answer 28

Question 29

Postganglionic sympathetic neuron cell bodies of the eye are found in:

Answer 29

superior cervical sympathetic ganglion

Question 30

Preganglionic sympathetic neuron cell bodies of the eye are found in:

Answer 30

T1 lateral horn

Question 31

The parasympathetic innervation to the constrictor pupillae and ciliary muscles is via:

Answer 31

* CN3 (preganglionic) * ciliary ganglion (postganglionic)

Question 32

Postganglionic parasympathetic neuron cell bodies of the eye are found in:

Answer 32

ciliary ganglion

Question 33

The abducens nerve runs along the inner surface of:

Answer 33

* lateral rectus * (muscle that it innervates)

Question 34

Path of opthalmic artery through the orbit:

Answer 34

* crosses from lateral to medial over the optic nerve.

Question 35

Anastomosis at the eye:

Answer 35

* branches of the opthalmic artery anastomose with branches of the external carotid artery.

Question 36

How to determine if there is an occlusion of the internal carotid artery affecting the eye?

Answer 36

* doppler US * flow should be in to out from opthalmic arteries to branches of external carotid * if blood flowing from external carotid branches into the eye, occlusion present

Question 37

Muscles in the eye receiving sympathetic innervation:

Answer 37

1. dilator pupillae muscle 2. levator palpebrae (smooth m.)

Question 38

Muscles in the eye receiving parasympathetic innervation:

Answer 38

1. constrictor pupillae muscle 2. ciliary muscle

Question 39

Lesion of the sympathetic fibers in the eye will lead to:

Answer 39

* constricted pupil * drooped eyelid

Question 40

Lesion of the parasympathetic fibers in the eye will lead to:

Answer 40

* dilated pupil

Question 41

Label:

Answer 41

Question 42

The superior opthalmic vein has branches to superficial veins on the face. This makes it an:

Answer 42

emissary vein * infections from the face can travel through the superior opthalmic vein and into the cavernous sinus

Question 43

Label all:

Answer 43

ciliary ganglion