Part 5 Flashcards
Incentive (n.) [C2]
Something that encourages a person to do something; стимул, побуждение
“Bonus payments provide an incentive to work harder”
Impulse (n.) [C2]
A sudden wish to do something; импульс
“I had this sudden impulse to shout out “Nonsense!” in the middle of her speech”
Momentum (n.) [C2]
The quality that keeps an event developing or making progress after it has started; момент, движущая сила
“The campaign for an elected mayor seems to have lost momentum”
Impetus (n.)
Something that encourages a particular activity or makes that activity more energetic or effective; толчок, импульс
“The recent publicity surrounding homelessness has given a fresh impetus to the cause”
Catalyst (n.)
An event or person that causes great change; катализатор
“An outside leader is often needed to server as a catalyst for change”
A shot in the arm
Something that has a sudden and positive effect on something, providing encouragement and new activity; прилив энергии, поддержка
“Fresh investment would provide the shot in the arm that this industry so badly needs.”
An ax to grind
To have a selfish reason or strong opinion that influences your actions; корыстная цель
“The study should be conducted by a firm that has no ax to grind”
Inducement (n.)
An act or thing that is intended to persuade someone or something; побуждение, стимул, приманка
“They offered him a large pay increase as an inducement for him to stay”
Instigation (n.)
The action of causing an event or situation to happen by making a set of actions or a formal process begin; подстрекательство, инициатива
“They were arrested on suspicion of the instigation of acts of terrorism”
Carrot and stick
A system in which you are rewarded for some actions and threatened with punishment for others; кнут и пряник
“Sometimes I just have to resort to the carrot and stick approach with my children”
Ball and chain
Something or someone that you cannot get rid of, that prevents you from being free or happy or from making progress; шар на цепи, обуза, бремя
“My car is a ball and chain to me. The expense of maintaining it is becoming too much”
Trigger (v.) [C1]
To cause something to start; вызвать, спровоцировать
“Some people find that certain foods trigger their headaches”
Galvanize (v.)
To cause someone to suddenly take action, especially by shocking or exciting them in some way; активизировать, стимулировать, мобилизовать
“Why not use the media to galvanize the community into action?”
Egg someone on (inf.)
To strongly encourage someone to do something that might not be a very good idea; подстрекать
“Don’t egg him on! He gets himself into enough trouble without your encouragement”
Prompt (v.) [C2]
To make someone decide to say or do something; побудить, подтолкнуть
“What prompted you to say that?”
