Part I Flashcards by Queenie Francisco

most important people in the health-care community

Patients

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-also called general practitioners
- give request for work up, determine possible problems
- can refer pt to other institution

Primary Care Physician

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work in hospital, attend to treatment and prognosis

Attending Physician

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can also be the primary care doctor
direct patients to specialist

Referring Physician

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carry out doctor’s order

Nurses

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handles the radiology department

Radiology Manager

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head of x-ray

Chief Radiographer

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certified and licensed
limited to subspecialization

Radiologist

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training to be Radiologist

Resident Radiologist

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cost-effective care for urgent care or minor surgery for conditions that are not immediately life threatening
patients are seen without waiting several days for an appointment
cope with acute but minor illnesses ex. broken fingers, ear infections

Immediate/Urgent Care Clinics

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patients are admitted early in the morning for minor procedures such as simple hernia repair and released to home care the same evening

Outpatient Surgical Facilities / Sugicenters

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hospitals operated by federal or local government

Public Hospitals

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for veterans, operated by the Department of Veteran Affairs

Military Hospitals

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independent hospital institutions

Private Hospitals

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“short stay” ward for minor surgical procedures or invasive diagnostic procedures
baby check ups & follow up care etc

Outpatient Clinics

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skilled nursing facilities provide care for patients during recovery when professional help is needed for rehabilitation but services of the hospital is no longer required

Foster Care

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recent medical school graduates gaining practical experiences

Interns

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licensed physicians receiving advance training

Fellows

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licensed physicians in an educational program to become certified in a specialty area

Residents

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treat only hospitalized patients
on discharge, patient returns to care of primary care physician

hospitalists

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extend privilege of staff membership to qualified physician applicants and to organize the staff to cooperate in making the rule that govern

Board

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do not need specific training and experience in the areas
rely on department supervisors

Administrators

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education and expertise relate directly to the area

Chief of Supervisor

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identification of patient problems

Diagnostic

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devoted to treatment

Therapeutic

support patients and their families by providing hospital chaplains, a trained counselor or a translator

Social Service Department

Being able to feel/understand a situation

Sympathy

Putting yourself in another person’s shoes

Empathy

Exchange of information/thoughts between a receiver and sender

Communication

Skills needed in communication

Listening, observing, speaking and writing

Types of communication

Verbal communication Non verbal communication

Exchange of information/thoughts with the use of words (spoken words)

Verbal communication

Components of verbal communication

Vocabulary Pacing Organization of sentences Humor

Exchange of information without words

Non verbal communication

Components of non-verbal communication

Paralanguage Body language Touch Professional appearance/ personal hygiene Physical presence Visual contact

“Music of language”

Paralanguage

Mixed or confusing signals [can be subconscious]

Body language

2 types of body language

Positive non-verbal cues Negative non-verbal cues

Improve history taking, increase quantity and quality of communication

Positive Non-Verbal Cues

Improve history taking ex. Furrowing of eyebrows

Negative non-verbal cues

3 reasons to touch a patient

Emotional support Emphasis Palpation

Reasons not to use palms

Offensive Inaccurate

Personal hygiene

Clip nails without acrylic Prevent body odor Avoid strong perfume

RT gains confidence and self-esteem for patients

Physical Presence

Determine if the patient understands what you are saying

Visual contact

[how to] address patient

First names -US

Reasons for calling patient by first name

Catch attention Keep the ANONIMITY

HIPAA

Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act

[how to] Avoiding Assumptions

Ask confirmatory questions Careful with how you craft your questions

[how to] dealing with pedia

To stand tall in pediatrics, you have to get down on your knees Dr. Armand Brodeur

[how to] communication with seriously ill and traumatized patients

Work quickly and efficiently Continue to communicate even if there is no response

Types of consent

verbal Written Implied -emergency, unconscious

Act that protects a person by not being liable for any damages

Good Samaritan Law

[how to] Visually impaired patients C.G.I.D

Goal: communicate as if pt. Is able to see what we’re seeing -clear info -gentle touch -inform pt of whats to occur -do not talk loud

[how to] speech-impaired and hearing impaired patients

-Pantomime -pts should demo instructions in return -many facilities offer sign language expert

[how to] Establish Rapport P.E.P.S.P.P

-provide attitude and manner -explain radiation procedure -provide privacy -secure pt’s belongings -provide comfort -provide clean and safe environment

Perceptive to senses, such as signs that can be seen, heard or felt and laboratory reports

Objective data

Pertain to or are perceived only by affected individual include factors that involves pt’s emotions and experiences such as pain and severity

Subjective Data

Questioning Skills O.F.S.P.R.S

Open-ended questions Facilitation Silence Probing Questions Repetition Summarization

Encourages elaboration [nondirected, non leading]

Open-ended question

Encourages elaboration [nod, yes, go on…]

Facilitation

To give patient time to remember Facilitates accuracy and elaboration

Silence

To focus on interview Provide more detail

Probing questions

Rewording Clarifies information

Repetition

Condensing verifies accuracy

Summarization

Primary medical problem defined by patient, important because it focuses clinical history toward the single most important issue

Chief complaint

Sacred 7

Localization Chronology Quality Onset Aggravating or Alleviation Factors Associated Manifestations

Defining exact and precise area possible for patient’s complaint Requires perfectly worded questions accompanied by proper touching of pt

Localization

Time element of history duration [onset, frequency, and course of symptoms]

Chronology

Character of the symptoms

Quality

Intensity, quantity or extent of the problem

Severity

Patient explaining what he/she was doing when illness began

Onset

Circumstance that produce the problem or intensity. It should be well defined.

Aggravating or alleviating factors

Necessary to find out whether other symptoms accompany the chief complaint in order to determine whether all symptoms relate to the chief complained or another condition

Associated Manifestations