Particle models (heating etc) (topic 14) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Particle models (heating etc) (topic 14) Deck (26)
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1
Q

What is the definition of specific heat capacity?

A

the energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1’C

2
Q

What is the equation to work out energy required to heat an object by a certain degree

A

mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change

3
Q

What is the equation of density and definition?

A

mass/volume

the mass of a certain volume of substance

4
Q

What happens to density when an object increases in temperature?

A

Density decreases

5
Q

What happens to the pressure when the volume of the same mass increases?

A

Decreases because the particles have more room

6
Q

What is absolute 0?

A

-273 Celsius or 0 kalvin

7
Q

How do you convert from Celsius to kalvin?

A

+273

8
Q

What is the equation to work out pressure?

A

force/area

9
Q

WHat is the equation for working out pressure of a fluid?

A

height x density x 9.81

10
Q

What is upthrust ?

A

the difference between the pressure above and the pressure below

11
Q

What is the atmospheric pressure?

A

100,000 pascals

12
Q

What is the unit of pressure?

A

pascals

13
Q

What is elastic deformation?

A

When an object will return to its original shape after being stretched

14
Q

inelastic deformation?

A

when an object wont return to its original shape after being deformed

15
Q

how do you work out force on a spring?

A

spring constant x extention

16
Q

What does the gradient of a force extension graph show?

A

its the spring constant

17
Q

How do you work out the energy transferred in stretching?

A

0.5 x spring constant x extension2

18
Q

What is latent heat?

A

The heat energy that is taken in or given out by a substance when it changes state

19
Q

What is the equation to work out specific latent heat?

A

mass x specific heat capacity

20
Q

What did j.j Thomson do to progress the atomic model?

A

He discovered electrons with cathode rays. He was the first scientist to show that atoms are made of smaller sub atomic things. He came up with t.he plum pudding model

21
Q

What did Ernest Rutherford do to progress the atomic model?

A

Published results from his gold leaf experiment which consisted of firing a beam of alpha particles at a thin piece of gold. He found many particle bounced back leading him to decide there has to be a very dense nucleus at the centre.

22
Q

What did James Chadwick to do progress the atomic model?

A

He showed that gamma radiation could be explained by a neutral particle. He performed numerous experiments, bombarding elements with these particles. From this he was able to measure the mass of this neutral particle. He called it a neutron.

23
Q

What is the relative atomic mass?

A

the number of protons + neutrons

24
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

Number of protons

25
Q

What is the emission spectrum?

A

It is a spectrum of light caused by electrons in excited (high energy) gases moving up an energy level and then moving back down to a more stable level by releasing light.

26
Q

what is the absorption spectrum?

A

Some of the light emitted from emission spectra is absorb by gases in the atmosphere of the star, from this we can work out what gases are in that stars atmosphere.