Particles Flashcards
(34 cards)
What are the 3 states of matter?
Solids, liquids and gases.
What do states of matter depend on?
How strongly the particles stick together.
What are the properties of a solid?
They have a definite volume and shape, don’t flow or be compressed easily and have a high density.
What are the properties of a liquid?
They have a definite volume, match the shape of their container, flow easily but do not compress and have a medium density.
What are the properties of a gas?
They have no definite volume, become the same shape of their container, have a very low density and can easily compress and flow.
How are the particles in a solid like?
They have the least energy but there are strong forces of attraction between them, they don’t move and have a regular arrangement but they do vibrate.
How are the particles in a liquid like?
They have more energy, the particles are close but still move past each other and are constantly moving.
How are the particles in a gas like?
They have the most energy, the particles are far apart and move very quickly so they collide with each other and the container.
What are the 2 effects on particles when you increase the pressure?
They hit the walls harder and more often.
What happens when you reduce the volume?
The pressure increases because the particles are squashed into a smaller space and hit the walls more often.
What is diffusion?
When particles spread out from a high concentration to an area of low concentration until it’s equally spread.
What happens to the particles in a solid when it is heated?
The particles gain more energy and weaken the forces that hold the solid together making the solid expand.
What is the process called from a solid to a liquid?
Melting
What is the process called from a liquid to a gas?
Boiling
What is the process called from a solid to a gas?
Sublimation
What is an atom?
It is the smallest unit of matter and can’t be divided.
What is an element?
A substance that contains only one type of atom.
Give 3 examples of an element.
Copper, iron and
aluminium.
What do compounds contain?
2 or more elements.
How are compounds formed?
Through chemical reactions which involves chemicals combining or splitting apart to form one or more new substances.
What is a mixture?
Substances that aren’t chemically joined up.
What do mixtures contain?
Two or more different substances.
Can mixtures be separated?
Yes- very easily using physical methods.
Why can mixtures be separated?
As they aren’t chemically bonded.
