Particles and Atomic Structure Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is Decomposition?
Gas to Solid
What is Condensation?
Gas to Liquid
What is Sublimation?
Solid to Gas
What is Freezing?
Liquid to Solid
What is Melting?
Solid to Liquid
What is Evaporation?
Liquid to Gas
Explain the arrangement, movement and energy of a solid
Very close together. Vibrate. Low energy
Explain the arrangement, movement and energy of a liquid
Close but irregular. Move around freely. All touch eachother but at the bottom. Medium energy
Explain the arrangement, movement and energy of a gas
Not touching and moving around freely at random speeds. High energy
What is a physical change?
Particles stay the same. Only arrangement, energy and movement changes
What is a chemical change?
Particles change with atoms or ions regrouping. Bonds between atoms break and new ones form
What are limitations of the particle model
Particles are inelastic spheres.
No indication of force between particles.
Cannot show speed or direction
Mass and charge of electron
0.0005 mass and -
Mass and charge of proton
1 mass and +
What is the atomic number?
Number of protons and electrons
What is the mass number?
Sum of protons and neutrons
What is an Isotope?
Same number of protons, different number of neutrons
Describe how has the particle model changed over time
It has changed because we used to have Democritus who said it was small hard particles. Then Dalton recreated it into more complex. Thomson then made the plum pudding model. It was a cloud of positive charge with electrons. Later, Rutherford proved him wrong by doing an experiment. If Thomson was true, the rays would have gone through but they had deflected.Bohr then made the atom as electrons moving in shells. Finally, Chadwick created the neutron to complete the atomic model as electrons in shells and protons+neutrons in the nucleus.
Mass and charge of neutron
1 mass and neutral charge
