Pass4success Flashcards
(111 cards)
1
Q
What are valid control level changes within a loop over an internal table?
A
LAST and END of
2
Q
Which controller types can exist within a Web Dynpro component?
A
Window controller
View controller
Component controller
3
Q
What additional properties can be assigned to a domain?
A
Fixed values
Value tables
Parameter IDs
4
Q
What do you need to have in your program to respond to the DOUBLE_CLICK event raised by an instance of the CL_GUI_ALV_GRID class?
A
A SET HANDLER statement to register the handler to the event A handler class A handler method for the event
5
Q
How do you define an internal table in a private method of a class?
A
DATA It_itabTYPE
DATA It_itab TYPE TABLE OF
DATA It_itab TYPE TABLE OF < Dictionary Table >
6
Q
Which of the following data types are predefined ABAP data types?
A
DECFLOAT34
STRING
XSTRING
7
Q
You need to perform a downcast. What should you do?
A
Catch the exception CX_SY_MOVE_CAST_ERROR
Use the operator “=“
8
Q
Which of the following conditions must be fulfilled when using a GROUP BY clause in a SELECT statement?
A
All fields in the SELECT clause that are not part of an aggregate function must be listed after GROUP BY
The table in the FROM clause must be a transparent table.
9
Q
Which of the following repository objects can you maintain in the ABAP Workbench?
A
Function modules
Transparent tables
Module pools
10
Q
What are characteristics of a hashed internal table?
A
It can be accessed using the key.
It must have a unique key.
11
Q
Which of the following rules must you follow when creating subscreens?
A
Subscreens CANNOT have a field of type OK
Subscreens CANNOT have an AT EXIT-COMMAND module.
12
Q
Your colleague has asked you to analyze an ABAP program that does not behave correctly when a button is pressed on the initial screen. You want to start the Debugger when the button is pressed so that you can perform your analysis. What system command do you type in the command field?
A
/h
13
Q
Which of the following functions does the ABAP Dispatcher perform?
A
It distributes user requests among available work processes.
It communicates with other instances in the system.
14
Q
What are some valid options in Open SQL?
A
LEFT OUTER JOIN
INNER JOIN
FULL JOIN
15
Q
What are controller types that can exist only once in a Web Dynpro component?
A
Component controller
Configuration controller
16
Q
One of your SAP systems needs to be migrated from its current database to an SAP HANA database. You want to avoid any functional issues after the migration.
What should you search for and if necessary replace in the existing custom ABAP code?
A
Direct access to a cluster on the database
Native SQL statements
Code that relies on implicit database sorting
17
Q
What folder is essential to relate to Smart Data Access and also combines data from remote sources?
A
Provisioning folder
18
Q
What tool is introduced as a holistic quality assurance tool?
A
ABAP Test Cockpit (ATC)
19
Q
How to create a core data services view?
A
Use DDL statements DEFINE VIEW and SQL-like syntax to define the view
Use additional annotations - marked with the @ sign
Use the ABAP Development Tools for SAP NetWeaver.
20
Q
How to call the stored procedures in ABAP code?
A
Native SQL
21
Q
What are functions of the ABAP Managed Database Procedure (AMDP) framework?
A
It creates the database procedure when the AMDP is first called.
It deletes obsolete versions of the database procedure asynchronously
22
Q
What are the main points of SAP HANA High Availability Per Datacenter that are available even in the event of a disaster?
A
High availability configuration
Services-Name and index server on all nodes
23
Q
The new bottlenecks avoided by addressing two challenges, what are they?
A
Avoid CPU cache misses
Avoid idling CPU cores
24
Q
What is not a Golden Rule for Open SQL?
A
Keep the result set large
25
What is the Limitations of ALV for SAP HANA?
Restricted to 10,000 records
No unit/ currency split if aggregating amounts/ currency values
Without currency /unit consideration
26
Modularization?
Taking part of your work, and outsourcing it
Refactoring
Reusability
27
Examples of modularization?
Subroutine
Include
Function Module
28
Subroutine
Works like a method
utilizes keyword "Form", "ENDFORM", and "PERFORM"
"using" and "changing"
29
Include
Makes program more readable
| Works as a container for different sections of code making it smaller
30
Refactoring
Folding the code into different includes
31
5 types of controllers for ABAP
```
View controller
Window controller
Component controller
Interface controller
Custom controller
```
32
View controller
A view is nothing but a screen that contain different screen elements like input, table etc
A controller which is responsible for view related logic or programming is called as view controller, a web dynpro component can have multiple views, each view has it`s own controller.
33
Window controller
A window is a container of views, in web dynpro all views must be inserted into a window to display.
Window controller is a controller which is responsible for window related programming.A web dynpro component can have multiple windows, each window has it`s own controller.
34
Component Controller
This is a global controller for a web dynpro component, the methods, attributes etc declared in component controller can be used by all controllers in a component.
35
Interface Controller
Interface controller is a controller which is responsible for communication between two or more web dynpro components
36
This ia an optional controller and this is used to reduce the burden on component controller to improve the performance.
Custom controller
37
MVC architecture
Model
View
Controller
38
Model
Models are objects which contains business logic statements to read or write data into database. The models can be developed in the form of Function Modules, BAPI`s, Classes etc.
39
View
View is a screen displayed in browser.
40
Controller
Controller is an interface between model and the view, it is responsible for taking the input from screen and it submits to the model, the model will communicate with the database and gives back the result to controller, which intern submits the result to the screen.
41
Web Dynpro
The SAP standard UI technology for developing Web applications in the ABAP environment. It consists of a runtime environment and a graphical development environment with special Web Dynpro tools that are integrated into the ABAP development environment (SE80)
42
Web Dynpro advantages
- Declarative and graphical tools minimize the implementation effort
- Support of a structured design process
- Strict separation between layout and business data
- Reuse and better maintainability through use of components
- Layout and navigation are easily changed using Web Dynpro tools
- Support of stateful applications because when paging is used, the data required again is kept, which means the whole application can be accessed at any time.
Note that stateless applications are not possible.
- Data binding enables automatic data transport
- Automatic input checks
- Support of accessible user interfaces
- Full integration into established ABAP development environment
43
Domain
One of the fundamental objects of the ABAP data dictionary, which is used to define the technical attribute of the fields such as data type
44
CL_GUI_ALV_GRID
Standard class used to built the ALV report in ABAP
45
Ways to define internal table in ABAP
DATA: it1 TYPE TABLE OF ty_student
DATA: it2 LIKE TABLE OF gwa_student.
DATA: it3 TYPE TABLE OF mara.
46
Private method
All components of the class defined in the area after the statement PRIVATE SECTION can only be addressed in the class itself, and in its friends
47
Downcast
Also called narrowing cast. Assignment between reference variables, where the static type of the target variable is more specific than the static type of the source variable and the assignability is checked at runtime.
casting operator =
48
GROUP BY
The addition GROUP BY combines groups of rows
that have the same content in the columns sed
and that have the same result in the SQL expressions
49
Transparent table
One-to-one relation table that exists with the same data and fields structure in both ABAP dictionary and database. When one transparent table is created in the ABAP dictionary then exactly the same table structure will be created in the database.
50
Module Pool
A special type of programming where we write code for which it is used to create custom SAP screens
51
Configuration controller
This is a special custom controller. it is only necessary if the corresponding component implements special configuration and personalization functions. Only one configuration controller may exist in any component. Any Controller can access the configuration controller, but the configuration controller cannot access any other controller. This controller is instantiated as the first controller of the component. It lives as long as the component lives
52
Objects
Language elements which allow for object-oriented programming. Instances of types which take up memory.
I.e. Classes, Interfaces, integers (int), binary floating point numbers (f), text field (c)
53
Type
descriptions, to which no data memory is attached apart from administration information. A type characterizes the technical properties of all objects of the relevant type.
I.e. int, f, c
54
Data types
Describe data objects. They are further subdivided into elementary types, reference types, and complex types. Data types are predefined or they can be defined locally in the program and system-wide in ABAP Dictionary. Data objects as instances of data types are fields in their own right. They contain local program data that a program uses at runtime.
55
Object types
Describe objects in ABAP Objects. They are divided into classes and interfaces. Object types contain the data types, but they also contain functions. Object types are not predefined and must be defined in the program or in the Class Library. Classes provide a complete description of an object. They define which data types and which functions an object contains. Interfaces describe one aspect of an object. The data types and functions of an interface can be implemented by more than one class. Objects as instances of classes are actual software objects in ABAP Objects.
56
Open SQL
Allows you to access the database tables declared in the ABAP dictionary regardless of the database platform that the R/3 system is using.
57
Native SQL
Allows you to use database-specific SQL statements in an ABAP/4 program. This means that you can use database tables that are not administered by ABAP dictionary, and therefore integrate data that is not part of the R/3 system.
58
SQL statements
Statements used to access rows in the database
INSERT
CLEAR
UPDATE
MODIFY
59
Trace tool
Is a self-contained quantity of logged user actions. The trace tool environment (transaction RSTT) has special tools to log and play back traces (trace tool) and to process automatic regression tests (computer aided test tool).
It is useful to log a trace in the following cases:
to conserve and analyze errors and questionable process flows
to repeatedly execute selected navigation sequences (such as query navigations)
60
SQL Trace
The SQL Trace function is an on-demand log of selected SQL statements that are issued against the database through the Open SQL Engine.
61
SQL Monitor
The SQL Monitor allows you to monitor all SQL statements and operations that are executed by running ABAP applications. The collected SQL Monitor data provides you with aggregated performance indicators (number of executions, execution time, number of effected rows, and so on) for all executed database operations.
62
Code Inspector
The Code Inspector is a tool for checking Repository objects.
Using the Code Inspector, we can check individual objects or sets of objects for performance, security, syntax, and adherence to name conventions.
63
Function Group
A group of function modules that are used to share global data with each other
64
Function-Pool
The statement FUNCTION-POOL introduces a function group. It must be the first statement of a standalone program after any include programs are resolved. The additions of the statement FUNCTION-POOL have the same function as the additions of the statement REPORT.
65
Subroutine pools
Created to contain collections of subroutines that can be called externally from other programs.q
66
SAP NetWeaver
A platform that – support various SAP applications such as – ERP, CRM, etc. provides usage types for analytics and integration, such as – BW, PI & Portal, etc. can operate independently (a.k.a. Standalone Instances) for various purposes, such as – ABAP or J2EE services
67
SAP NetWeaver components
```
SAP Business Information Warehouse
SAP Business Intelligence
SAP Enterprise Portal
SAP Exchange Infrastructure
SAP Knowledge Warehouse
SAP Master Data Management
SAP NetWeaver Process Integration
```
68
SAP Business Information Warehouse
provides data warehouse functions and a business intelligence platform and tools that organizations can use to analyze and interpret business application data.
69
SAP Business Intelligence
which provides analytics and reporting tools.
70
SAP Enterprise Portal
Allows organizations to develop single access points for applications, services or data in SAP environments.
71
SAP Exchange Infrastructure
facilitates the exchange of data between an organization's internal SAP environment and external systems.
72
SAP Knowledge Warehouse
Helps organizations set up and manage enterprise-specific knowledge bases for documentation, training materials and manuals.
73
SAP Master Data Management
Allows organizations to consolidate and manage master data from heterogeneous sources into a centralized repository.
74
SAP NetWeaver Process Integration
Enables organizations to integrate business processes that run in different systems, such as when companies merge or are acquired.
75
Components of SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP
```
Internet Communication Manager (ICM)
ABAP dispatcher
Task handler
Any number of work processes (dialog, update, print, background, and so on)
RFC Gateway
Standalone enqueue server
SAP Message Server
```
The system can be enhanced with the following optional components:
SAP Web Dispatcher
SAProuter
76
Components of SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP
```
Internet Communication Manager (ICM)
ABAP dispatcher
Task handler
Any number of work processes (dialog, update, print, background, and so on)
RFC Gateway
Standalone enqueue server
SAP Message Server
```
The system can be enhanced with the following optional components:
SAP Web Dispatcher
SAProuter
77
Internet Communication Manager (ICM)
Ensures that communication between the SAP NetWeaver Application Server (SAP system) and the outside world. In its role as server it processes requests from the Internet. The processing of URL requests is dependent on the configured server/port combination. Depending on the URL the ICM calls the relevant local handler.
You need the ICM if you want your SAP NetWeaver Application Server to communicate with the Internet via HTTP, HTTPS or SMTP, like Web applications do with Web Dynpro ABAP.
78
Web/ABAP dispatcher
SAP dispatcher is the control agent which manages the resources for the R/3 applications.
Necessary to process SAP requests from end user via SAP front ends.
79
Task handler
It coordinates the activities within a work process. It manages the loading and unloading of the user session context at the beginning and end of each dialog step. It also communicates with the dispatcher and activates the Dynpro interpreter or the ABAP processor as required to perform its tasks
80
RFC Gateway
A communication middleware. The RFC Gateway act as an RFC Server which enables RFC function modules to be used by RFC clients. It also enables communication between work or server processes of SAP NetWeaver AS and external programs
81
Standalone Enqueue Server
a standalone server, which does not run on one of the application server instances in Application Server ABAP (AS ABAP), but together with the message server on the ABAP Central Services instance (ASCZ instance).
82
SAP Message Server
Responsible for communication between the application servers. The SAP Message Server passes requests from one application server to another within the system. The SAP Message Server also contains information about application server groups and the current load balancing within them.
83
SAProuter
A software application that provides a remote connection between our customer's network and SAP. SAProuter can be used to: Improve network security, e.g.by using a password or by only allowing encrypted connections from known sources. Control and log the connections to your SAP system.
84
Polymorphism
When there is a hierarchy of classes and they are related by inheritance.
Meaning that a call to a method will cause a different method to be executed depending on the type of object that invokes the method.
85
Inheritance
Inheritance allows user to define the new class with the characteristics of the existing class which is already defined. The existing class called as base class or super class.
86
Abstract class
A class with an abstract method
87
Abstract method
A method which does not have an implementation
88
Advantages of abstract class/method
Provide flexibility to add default operations with multiple flavors.
Abstract classes allow us to partially implement the class.
We can achieve Polymorphism by using an abstract class.
We can achieve Dynamic Binding also. The object of an abstract class can be used as a reference, which further could be replaced by the concrete object at runtime, this is known as dynamic binding
89
Dynamic binding
The object of an abstract class can be used as a reference, which further could be replaced by the concrete object at runtime.
90
Test driver class
During a test run, the test methods of the relevant test tasks are called by a test driver in the runtime environment
91
Method signature
The signature of a method tells you what parameters it has, and what type they are
92
Shared memory area
A memory area on an application server, which is accessed by all of this server’s ABAP programs
93
Shared object
Objects in the shared memory
Benefits of shared objects includes Copy-free: very fast access, version management, preloading, automatic propagation from a database, easy monitoring
94
Singleton class
A class with utmost one instance only
95
Static class
A class with no instantiation
96
Public visibility section
All components declared in the public visibility section defined using PUBLIC SECTION are accessible to all consumers as well as in the methods of all inheritors and the class itself. The public components of the class form the interface between the class and its consumers.
97
Protected visibility section
All components declared in the protected visibility section defined with PROTECTED SECTION are accessible in the methods of all inheritors and in the class itself. Protected components form a special interface between a class and its subclasses.
98
Private visibility section
All components declared in the private visibility section defined with PRIVATE SECTION are only accessible in the class itself, and are also not visible to the inheritors. The private components therefore do not form an interface to the consumers of the class.
99
Instance Constructor
Constructor that is declared under the name constructor as an instance method of a class, and which is automatically called when the class is instantiated
A method whose task is to create an instance of a class
100
Constructor
A member function whose task is to initialize the objects of its class, in other words it is a method of a class that executes when the class's objects are created
101
The state of an object is determined by...
Instance attributes and static attributes
102
Instance attributes
instance variables
103
Static attributes
static variables
104
Class definition
Used to declare the components of a class
105
Class implementation
Used to implement the methods defined in the class
106
Static method
A method which can be called without its class being initiated. So no object needs to be created to call the method.
Has access to static attributes only
107
Instance method
A method created only using object reference
Has access to static and instance attributes
108
Functional method
A method that returns one return value only
109
Refactoring Assistant
Change the existing class hierarchy including enhancements to the design, and to create new components in classes or interfaces
110
Lock object
A feature offered by ABAP Dictionary that is used to synchronize access to the same data by more than one program. Data records are accessed with the help of specific programs. Lock objects are used in SAP to avoid the inconsistency when data is inserted into or changed in the database.
111
Field symbol
A dereferencing pointer that is mainly used to point specific lines of Internal table. It can be used to point either a table, a field or a dynamic structure. It is used as an alternative to work area to reduce the memory consumption and increase the performance of a program
