passage 26 to 31 Flashcards
(50 cards)
wreck
n: the destruction of a ship at sea; a shipwreck. / something, especially a vehicle or building, that has been badly damaged or destroyed.
لاشه (هواپیما، کشتی و …) تکه پاره، خرابه (برای هر چیزی)
“the survivors of the wreck” = (ship)
v: destroy or severely damage (a structure, vehicle, or similar).
نابود کردن، خراب کردن ، تصادف شدید کردن
the car wrecked at high speed
v2: cause the destruction of (a ship) by sinking or breaking up.
غرق شدن کشتی
notorious / notoriety
adj: famous or well known, typically for some bad quality or deed.
معروف ولی منفی، بدنام
she was notorious for stealing people’s money.
n: notoriety: بدنامی
“the song has gained some notoriety in the press”
trade route
n: a route, often covering a long distance, that people buying and selling goods often used in the past
مسیر تجاری، جاده بازرگانی (اغلب دریایی)
mast
n: a tall pole on a boat or ship that supports its sails
میله پرچم کشتی
د2: a tall metal pole used to support an aerial for radio, television, or mobile phonesignals:
دکل هرچیزی
a television/radio mast
n3: a television/radio mast
میله پرچم کشتی
fearsome
adj: frightening, especially in appearance.
ترسناک
“the cat mewed, displaying a fearsome set of teeth”
contemporary
adj: living or occurring at the same time.
نوین، معاصر
our contemporary poets have been great examples.
n: a person or thing living or existing at the same time as another.
هم دوره‌ای
“he was a contemporary of Darwin”
adv: contemporaneously
sling
v: suspend or arrange (something), especially with a strap or straps, so that it hangs loosely in a particular position.
آویزان کردن
eg: I usually sling my jacket over/across the back of my chair.
v2: casually throw or fling.
پرتاب کردن
Sling me a pen, will you?
noun: بند، قلاب، تسمه
smouldering / smoulder
adj/n: the process of burning slowly with smoke but no flame.
سوختن آرام و بدون شعله
e: the smouldering can go unnoticed for many days before smoke starts to be seen
v: smoulder: burn slowly with smoke but no flame.
“the bonfire still smouldered, the smoke drifting over the paddock”
sticking out
n: be extremely noticeable.
تابلو
She certainly sticks out in a crowd.
ph: to go past the surface or edge of something:
بیرون زدن، برآمدن
here was a handkerchief sticking out of his jacket pocket.
reign
v: hold royal office; rule as monarch.
حکمرانی کردن
Queen Victoria reigned over Britain from 1837 to 1901.
n: the period of time when a king or queen rules a country:
حرف اول را زدن
the reign of Henry VIII
reign of terror : جکومت ترس و وحشت
mobile / mobility / mobilize
adj: able to move or be moved freely or easily.
سیار، متحرک
You’ve broken your ankle but you’ll be fully mobile within a couple of months.
—
noun: a decorative structure that is suspended so as to turn freely in the air.
آویز زینتی ( وسیله تزئینی که از سقف آویزان می شود )
“The baby was fascinated by the colorful mobile. “
—
noun2: mobility:
the ability to move or walk around freely:
پویایی، تحرک
—-
v: mobilize: to organize or prepare something, such as a group of people, for a purpose:
به کار گیری، آماده سازی کردن
remnant
n/adj: a small piece or amount of something that is left from a larger original piece or amount:
باقی مانده، اثر
the remnants of last night’s meal
rudimentary / rudiment
adj: only basic, and not deep or detailed; basic.
پیش پا افتاده، ابتدایی
people’s knowledge is still too rudimentary to count on.
noun: the rudiments of : basic principles
I taught her the rudiments of being sensible
seafaring
adj: (of a person) regularly travelling by sea.
دریایی، دریانوردی
- the Danes are an ancient seafaring people.
- They’re a seafaring people.
dwarf
adj: in stories for children, a creature like a little man with magical powers; very small
کوتوله
dwarf planet: سیاره کوتوله
- Although she was a dwarf but very beautiful.
- offensive: You’re a dwarf lil bro.
v: If one thing dwarfs another, it makes it seem small by comparison:
کوچیک کردن
- The new skyscraper will dwarf all those near it.
celestial
adj: positioned in or relating to the sky, or outer space as observed in astronomy.
آسمانی
- “a celestial body”: جرم آسمانی
diminish / diminution / diminutive
v: to reduce or be reduced in size or importance:
کم کردن، خرد کردن، کاهش کردن
The threat of inflation is diminishing
——-.
n1: diminution in/ diminution of
- Regular exercise can result in a general diminution in stress levels.
- Diminution of the vehicle’s value caused by damage to it, or repair of it, is not covered by insurance
—–
noun2: diminutive : one that is notably small : a diminutive individual
یک چیز کوچک و کم اهمیت
—–
adj: diminutive: خیلی کوچک
- He’s a diminutive figure, less than five feet tall.
—-
note: synonym:
Mitigate
Alleviate
Diminish
Assuage
Decrease
Lessen
Reduce
Shrink
Contract
resemble
v: to look like or be like someone or something:
شبیه بودن، شباهت داشتن
- Alas, you resemble your father.
- After the earthquake, the city resembled a battlefield.
= look like
emit / emission / emissive
v: to send out a beam, noise, smell, or gas:
منتشر کردن نور، صدا، گاز، بو
- The machine emits a high-pitched sound when you press the button.
—
noun: emission
احتراق، انتشار
noun: emissivity: the ability of an object to emit (= send out) heat, compared to the heat emitted by a black object of the same temperature :
تابندگی، انتشار
This machine measures the emissivity of the surface of Venus.
—-
dramatically
adv: suddenly or obviously:
به وضوح یا به شدت
Your life changes dramatically when you have a baby to take care of.
predominant / predominate / predominance / predominantly
adj: present as the strongest or main element.
برجسته، غالب، مسلط، عمده
- “the predominant colour was white”
–
v: predominate: be the strongest or main element; be greater in number or amount. / to be the most important or the greatest in number
عنصر اصلی بودن
قوی ترین بودن
از نظر تعداد یا مقدار بیشتر بودن
In industrial areas, the dark-coloured variety predominates.
—
noun: predominance غلبه، قدرت
—–
predominantly: عمدتا، به طور کلی، تا اندازه زیادی، غالب
conduct / conductive
n: the manner in which a person behaves, especially in a particular place or situation.
رفتار و کردار
- they were arrested for disorderly conduct”
—-
v: organize and carry out.
عملی کردن - انجام دادن - عمل کردن
“in the second trial he conducted his own defence”
v2: lead or guide (someone) to or around a particular place.
هدایت کردن ( اداره کردن )
——
adj: conductive: موثر
appetite / appetise / appetizer / appetitive
n: a natural desire to satisfy a bodily need, especially for food.
اشتها
- he has a healthy appetite
n2: appetizer: پیش غذا
—
v: appetise
اشتها اوردن
—-
adj: appetitive : اشتها آور
obese / obesity
adj: very fat or overweight.
چاق
–
obesity: چاقی بیش از حد - اضافه وزن
