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MRCP Part 1 > Passmed > Flashcards

Passmed Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Association of AS and gastrointestinal bleeding

A

heyde’s syndrome - angiodysplasia of the stomach - ? related to lysis of VWF from stenosed valve

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2
Q

Hallmarks of homocysteinurea

A 
deficieny of cystathionine beta synthase
similar to marfans
fine fair hair
downward dislocation of the lens
VTE risk
livedo reticularis
malar flush

DOES NOT CAUSE RENAL STONES

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3
Q

associations of primary sclerosing cholangitis

A

UC
chrons less so
HIV

presents with jaundice and pruritis
RUQ pain
fatigue

investigate with ERCP or MRCP
positive ANCA ?
may progreess to cholangiocarcinoma and associated with increased colorectal cancer risk

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4
Q

Secondary causes of osteoporosis

A 
premature menopause
steroids
testosterone deficieny in yonger men
vitamin d deficieny/ calcium def
thyroid disorders 
myeloma or malignancy
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5
Q

What classes as stage 2 hypertension

A

150/95 - treat.

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6
Q

signs of quinine overdose

A

visual disturbances, tinnitus flushing
hypoglycaemia and metabolic acidosis
can get flash pulmonary odema

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7
Q

MArkers of poor prognosis in IgA nephropathy

A 
hypertension
proteinuria
male gender
smoker
(frank blood is a good prognostic)
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8
Q

differnce between an IgA nephropathy and a post streptoccal glomerulonephritis

A

IGA frank blood and more often men, comes on after 1-2 day sof URTI

PSG - comes on afetr 2 weeks and just protein

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9
Q

friendrichs ataxia

A

cerebellar ataxia and signs - often presents in young
die from HOCM
often get diabetes and high arched palate
optic atrophy

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10
Q

digeorge identifiers

A 
CATCH 22 - t cell deficiency
cardiac abnormalities
abnormal facies
thymic aplasia
cleft palate
hyocalcaemia/hypoparathyroidism
chromosome 22 deltion
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11
Q

MEN1

A

PPP
parathyroid - hyper para
pituitary
pancreas - inulinoma or gastrinoma

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12
Q

collagen 1 problems

A

osteogenesis imperfecta

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13
Q

collagen 3 and 5 problems

A

ehlers danlos - vascular variant

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14
Q

collagen 4 problems

A

goodpastures - autoanibody

alports syndrome

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15
Q

sensitivity

A

im really sensitive i feel everything - chance that you pick up positives.
calculated as tested positives as a percentage of total positives i.e includes fase negatives

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16
Q

chromosome for APKD

A

type 1 - chromosome 16

type 2 - chromosome 4

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17
Q

indications for bipap

A

copd with respiratory acidosis
type 2 resp failure secondary to OSA/chest wall deformity/neuromuscular disease
withdrawal of intubation
cardiogenic pulmonary odea - non responsive to cpap

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18
Q

recomended inspiratory and end pressurees in copd - bipap

A

4-5cm EPAP
10-15cm IPAP
back up rate - 15 / min
inspiration:expiration 1:3

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19
Q

risk factors for contrast induced nephroathy

A 
age >70
known renal impairment/diabetes
dehydration
cardiac failure
nephrotoxics

give fluids for 12 hours before and after 1ml/kg/hr

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20
Q

Hypersensitivity types: gell and coombes

A

type 1 - anapjylactic (IgE mediated)
type 2 - cell bound - binds to antigen on cell surace
type 3 - imune complex - free antigen antibody e.g SLE/ post strep glom
type 4 - t cell meicated - eg TB, GVHD, scabies, MS, GBS

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21
Q

thickening of the bone

Study These Flashcards
A

pagets - increase in osteoclast and osteoblast

osteopetrosis - thick but brittle bone - osteoclastic failure to resorp

22
Q

hallmark of sarcoid

Study These Flashcards
A

non caseating granulomas
high ACE
african american females

23
Q

birbeck granules

Study These Flashcards
A

tennis racket shaped lesions of langerhans cell histiocytosis

24
Q

hallmarks of sarcoid - presentation

Study These Flashcards
A

fevers, erythema nodosum, arthralgia, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, cough, malaise, weight loss.
others:hypercalcaemia, parotitis

25
diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa
biopsy of nodules - necrotising arteritis | , MRI angiogram showing medium vessel aneurysm
26
livedo reticularis
think PAN - along with fevers, arthralgia, weight loss. HTN, testicuar pain, renal failure hep b in 30%
27
most common type of renal stone
calcium oxalate | increased likelihood if you have hypercalkciurea
28
reversal agent for beta blckers
IV glucagon
29
hypokalaemia and hypertension
hyperaldosteronism
30
hyonatraemia and hypotension
adrenal insufficiency - addisons
31
young female, hypertension, assymetrical kidneys
fibromuscular dysplasia (often found with renal artery stenosis after ACEi initiation and drop in renal function)
32
ecg changes of a TCA overdose
sinus tachy, broad QRS, long QT
33
whats the problem in acromegaly
too much growth hormone - treat ment with surgical removal, and somatostatin analogues - octreotide then use GH recepter antagonists - pegvisomant - reduced IGF1 levels to norm
34
homogentisic acid dioxygenase deficiency
alkaptonuria
35
mobitz 1 vs 2
mobits 1keback | 2 - pauses
36
type of kidney disease closest to that of post streptococcal glomerulonephritis
diffuse proliferative GN
37
Vitamin associated with poor wound healing
vit c
38
CEA marker
colrectal
39
causes of a raised anion gap acidosis
``` high cpncentration of inorganic acids which mean 15 or over difference. Lactic acidosis methanol ethylene glycol urate - renal tings ketoacids in diabetes paracetamol ```
40
causes of a normal anion gap acidosis
loss of bicarb or hyperchloraemic(due to retention to compensate) - 14 or less renal tubular acidosis carbonic anhydrase inhibitors diarrhoea
41
Causes of pyoderma gangrenosum
``` idiopathic UC chrons SLE RA Myeloproliferative myeloma monoclonal gommopathy ``` ``` Purple painful pretibial pathergy progressive ```
42
what is fanconi syndrome
abnormality with dysnuctional PCT - results in RTA t2, loss of electrolytes, hypovolaemia, loss of glucose, polyuria sjogrens, nephrotic syndrome, wilsons and myeloma.
43
causes of left bundle branch blcok
aortic stenosis IHD cardiomyopathy hypertension
44
Causes of heinz bodies.
G6PD or alpha thalaseemia NOT howel jolly bodies
45
causes of howel jolly bodies
hyposplenism
46
target cells
sickle cell IDA hyposplenism liver disease
47
Massive splenomegaly
visceral leishmaniasis CML / myelofibrosis malaria gauchers
48
non massive splenomegaly
infection - edocarditis, hepatitis, galndular fever malignancy - lymphoproliferative disorder portal hypertenison - chirrosis
49
c-anca
PR3 - wegeners
50
p anca
churg strauss - MPO - cresenteric immune glomerulonephritis
51
philadelphia chromasome
9/22

MRCP Part 1 (1 decks)

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