passmed everything

Question 1

What condition is suggested when schistocytes are found in the blood?

Answer 1

Intravascuar haemolysis

Question 2

What condition presents with

• headache with unilateral eye pain
• reduced vision and visual halo
• red congested eye with cloudy cornea
• dilated, unresponsive pupil
• precipitated by darkness or dilating drops?

Answer 2

Acute closed angle glaucoma

Question 3

what condition presents with sudden painless loss of vision?

Answer 3

Central retinal vein occlusion

Question 4

what condition presents with a thunderclap headache?

Answer 4

subarachnoid haemorrhage

Question 5

What is the main function of the terminal ileum?

Answer 5

Absorption of vitamin B12 and bile salts

Question 6

What do ‘linear burrows’ on the skin suggest?

Answer 6

Scabies

Question 7

What is the treatment for scabies?

Answer 7

Permethrin

Question 8

A ‘down and out’ eye may indicate a lesion involving which cranial nerve?

Answer 8

CN III

Question 9

What does a cranial nerve lesion on CN III present with?

Answer 9

Dilated, fixed pupil
Down and out eye
Ptosis

Question 10

What does a cranial nerve lesion on CN VI present with?

Answer 10

defective eye abduction and horizontal diplopia

Question 11

What does a cranial nerve palsy on CN IV present with?

Answer 11

Defective downward gaze

Vertical diplopia

Question 12

What nerve is the afferent limb of the pupillary light reflex?

Answer 12

CN II

Question 13

What nerve is the efferent limb of the pupillary light reflex?

Answer 13

CN III

Question 14

How does a middle cerebral artery stroke present?

Answer 14

Contralateral hemiparesis
Sensory loss with upper extremity more affected than lower
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia

Question 15

How does an anterior cerebral artery present?

Answer 15

Contralateral hemiparesis

Sensory loss with lower extremity affected more

Question 16

Disease of which lobe may cause auditory agnosia?

Answer 16

Temporal lobe

Question 17

Disease of which lobe may call asterognosis?

Answer 17

Parietal lobe

Question 18

Function of astrocytes?

Answer 18

Involved in physical repair
Help form blood brain barrier
Remove excess K+ ions
Provide physical support

Question 19

Function of microglia?

Answer 19

Specialised CNS phagocytes

Question 20

Conduction aphasia?

Answer 20

Speak fluently but difficulty repeating phrases.

Aware of mistakes and comprehension is normal

Question 21

Wernicke’s aphasia is associated with which lobe?

Answer 21

Temporal

Question 22

Femoral root nerves?

Answer 22

L2,L3,L4

Question 23

What does the femoral nerve innervate?

Answer 23

Pectineus, sartorious, quadriceps femoris, , vastus lateralis/medialis/intermedius

Question 24

What are the branches of femoral nerve?

Answer 24

Medial cutaneous nerve of thigh, saphenous nerve, intermediate cutaneous nerve of thigh

Question 25

What are the roots of common reflexes?

Answer 25

S1-S2 buckle my shoe (ankle) L3-L4 kick the door (knee) C5-C6 pick up sticks (biceps) C7-C8 shut the gate (triceps)

Question 26

What is the opening for the inferior vena cava in the diaphragm?

Answer 26

T8

Question 27

What is the opening for the oesophagus?

Answer 27

T10

Question 28

What is the aortic opening?

Answer 28

T12

Question 29

What nerve is affected if there is difficulty extending at the elbow and wrist?

Answer 29

Radial

Question 30

What type of seizures are associated with olfactory hallucinations?

Answer 30

Temporal lobe seizures

Question 31

What type of seizure would cause infrequent generalised seizures and daytime absences?

Answer 31

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Question 32

What type of symptoms causes paraesthesia?

Answer 32

Parietal lobe seizures

Question 33

What type of seizures cause posturing and head/leg movements?

Answer 33

Frontal lobe seizure

Question 34

What type of seizure causes flashes/floaters?

Answer 34

Occipital lobe seizure

Question 35

What gene is affected in sporadic Alzheimer's (no family history)?

Answer 35

APOE

Question 36

What bacterium are most responsible for GBS?

Answer 36

Campylobacter jejuni and cytomegalovirus