Passmed Key Concepts Flashcards
(38 cards)
Which SSRI leads to QT elongation and torsades de pointes?
Citalopram
What is first-line treatment for menorrhagia?
Tranexamic acid
What is the definition of pre-eclampsia?
New-onset BP >140/90mmHg after 20w AND proteinuria/organ dysfunction
When can hormonal contraception be started again after using levonorgestrel for emergency contraception?
Immediately
How do you manage a pregnant woman with previous VTE history?
Prophylactic LMWH throughout pregnancy until 6 weeks postnatal
What does an older woman with a labial lump + inguinal lymphadenopathy suggest?
Vulval carcinoma
What should you do if you are presented with a case of FGM in someone under 18?
Report it to the police
How does ovarian cancer initially spread?
Locally into pelvic area
What advice should you give about contraception to patients assigned female at birth?
Can’t use any contraceptions with oestrogen in if they’re undergoing testosterone therapy as antagonises it
What does a complete hydatidiform mole (pregnancy) look like on ultrasound?
‘snow storm’ appearance on ultrasound scan
How are pregnant women >20w who present within 24 hrs of a rash appearing (chickenpox) treated?
Oral aciclovir
What sign is ovarian torsion associated with on ultrasound?
Whirlpool sign
For transgender males, does testosterone therapy provide protection against pregnancy and what effects can it have on the pregnancy if it doesn’t?
No it doesn’t
Teratogenic effects
What is an important risk factor for hyperemesis gravidarum?
Multiple pregnancy
What is the cervical screening timeline?
25y - first invite 25-49 - every 3 years 50-64 - every 5 years 65+ not offered delay 3 months post-partum unless missed previous or previous abnormal
What treatment is first-line for painful periods that are otherwise normal?
NSAIDs - inhibit prostaglandin synthesis (one of main causes of dysmenorrhoea pains)
What is the symphysis-fundal height, where is it measured, and what should you do if it’s abnormal?
Measure to establish whether small for dates, should be 1-2cm from the gestational age in weeks e.g. 24 weeks should have a SFH of 22-26cm.
Measured from top of pubic bone to top of uterus in cm.
Get ultrasound to confirm if foetus is small for gestational age.
What is the main investigation of suspected placenta praevia?
Transvaginal ultrasound
What are 2 common long-term complications of vaginal hysterectomy with antero-posterior repair?
Enterocele
Vaginal vault prolapse
Which emergency contraception should be used with caution in patients with severe asthma?
Ulipristal
What is the first step after a woman presents concerned about reduced foetal movements?
Handheld Doppler to confirm foetal heartbeat
How long does it take each contraceptive type to be effective after administration?
Instant - IUD
2 days - progesterone-only pill
7 days - combined oral contraceptive, injection, implant, IUS
What is a major risk factor for cord prolapse?
Artificial rupture of membranes
What is a potential complication of ovulation induction?
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
