Past Paper Q Flashcards
(19 cards)
Which of following not part of inflammatory response ? Vasodilation , release of histamine, production of antibodies , increased capillary permeability
Production of antibodies
Which stimulates the division of lymphocytes ?
The binding of antigens to receptors on the cell membrane
Two groups were used carrying out clinical trial of vaccine . One group was given vaccine the other group was given a placebo(what was the purpose of the placebo was ?)
Ensure a vaild comparison can be made
What is differentiation ?
Explanation - only the genes characteristic for that cell are expressed
Describe one ethical consideration that might have influenced this descion to use stem cells ?
Is is right to use embryos to extract stem cells ?
Where does translation take place ?
Ribosome
Explain why the primary mRNA transcript is so much shorter than chromosomal Dna ?
Only one gene is transcribed or the primary mrna only codes for one protein
Explain energy investment phase ? & explain energy pay off phase ?
Energy investment - atp molecules are broken down or phosphorylation addition of phosphate to glucose occurs energy pay off- atp molecules are produced
What does creatine phosphate do for a sprinter ?
Creatine phosphate releases energy at a fast rate for a short period of time
Describe how the presence of the muscle tissue in the artery wall helps to control the flow of blood around the body ?
It can vasoconstriction to reduce blood flow to some areas or it can vasodilate to increase blood flow to some areas
Describe how an atheroma forming under enothelium may lead to formation of a blood clot & stay possible effects ?
Endothelium is damaged , clotting factors are released , prothrombin is converted to its active form to thrombin , fibrinogen is converted into fibrin by thrombin , fibrin threads form a mesh work that deals wound , thrombus is formed may break loose forming an embolus which leads to stroke or heart attack
Explain why two figures are given for a blood pressure reading ?
The first figure is systolic blood and second figure is diastolic blood pressure
Explain link between high blood pressure and build up of tissue fluid ?
Lymph vessels cannot reabsorb all the excess tissue fluid
Describe the role of insulin in the development of type 1 & type 2 diabetes ?
Type 1 - insulin is not produced so blood glucose concentration cannot be controlled type 2- insulin is produced but cells have fewer insulin receptors
Suggest how a student can adapt the investigation to demonstrate social facilitation ?
Repeat the investigation in front of an audience as a competition
Explain what is meant by the term herd immunity ?
A large percentage of the the population is immunised this means that there is a very low chance that non immune individuals will come in contact with infected individuals
What is community responsibility ?
Clean water sepreate water from sewage , vector control
Hiv infection ?
Hiv attacks lymphocytes reducing the ability of the immune system to respond to the bacterial infection
The transformation of info into a form that memory can accept is called ?
Encoding
