Past papers 4

Question 1

The main component of the bacterial cell wall is:

Answer 1

peptidoglycan consisting of 2 types of sugars and amino acid cross bridges

Question 2

Family Picornaviridae includes genera (HEAT):

Answer 2

Hepatovirus
Enterovirus
Aphtovirus
Teschovirus

Question 3

Campylobacters cause

Answer 3

acute diarrhoeal diseases (cytotoxin similar to cholera toxin)

Question 4

Bovine herpesvirus 1 causes:

Answer 4

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

Question 5

Coagulase positivce staphylococci:

Answer 5

S. aureus can cause pyogenic localised infections (abscesses) or even generalised infection

Have pathogenic potential, convert soluble fibrinogen into fibrin
S. aureus can cause food poisoning

Question 6

Viruses that cause viral hepatitis belong to genera (3):

Answer 6

Hepadnaviridae
Flaviviridae
Picornaviridae

Question 7

Viruses that cause gastroenteritis belong to (6) (NAPCRP):

Answer 7

Norovirus
Astrovirus
Pestivirus
Coronavirus
Rotavirus
Parvovirus

Question 8

Picornaviruses are:

Answer 8

Small, non-enveloped RNA viruses
Icosahedral
Single-stranded
Linear

Question 9

Genetic code is defined as:

Answer 9

degenerated (some AAs are encoded by more codons)
A nucleotide sequence, which corresponds with the amino acid sequence in the polypeptide chain

Question 10

Streptococci can cause (r):

Answer 10

rheumatic fever

Question 11

S. agalactie belongs to group B streptococci and causes:

Answer 11

chronic mastitis of cows and sheep

Question 12

Procaryotic cells are:

Answer 12

mycoplasmas, rickettsia and bacteria

Question 13

Genus Haemophilius
- require:
- is where:
- has:
- disease:

Answer 13

require presence of growth factors X and V
Commensal of the respiratory tract
Has capsule, fimbriae and a ciliostatic endotoxin
H. parasuis causes Glassers disease (polyserositis)

Question 14

Genus Pestivirus includes:

Answer 14

Bovine viral diarrhea virus
Classical swine fever virus
Border disease virus in sheep

Question 15

Cytoplasmatic membrane of bacterial cells:

Answer 15

Has amphipathic arrangement: phosphate heads are arranged outwards and fatty acid chains inwards
Bacteria do not contain sterols (exc mycoplasma), eukaryotic do
Integral and peripheral proteins are a part of CPM, their function is in the transport material

Question 16

Horizontal gene transfer:

Answer 16

Transduction of genes from lysed bacteria

Question 17

Basic condition of bacterial conjugation is

Answer 17

Direct contact of the cells

Question 18

The latent form of the viral genome in the host is called

Answer 18

prophage

Question 19

Mycobacteria cause

Answer 19

acute respiratory infections in humans and animals, resulting in granulomatous inflammation

Question 20

The main virulence factor Mycobacteriae is

Answer 20

ability to survive intracellularly in alveolar macrophages

Question 21

Infectious prionic agents:

Answer 21

Are resistant to radiation and autoclaving temperature 121*C
Causative agents of disease such as kuru or scrapie

Question 22

Bacterial flagella:
- structure
- leptospirosa and borrelia

Answer 22

The basal body of Gram-negative bacteria anchors the flagellum to the cell wall by four rings
Leptospiras are borrelias for a movement use endoflagellas that are located in the periplasmatic space

Question 23

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- causes
- gram + biochemical

Answer 23

Cause pyogenic infections, mastitis, pneumonia and lung abscesses in animals
Gram negative, rod shaped, catalase and oxidase positive, motile and strictly aerobic bacteria

Question 24

Adenoviruses are:

Answer 24

double stranded DNA viruses
icosahedral
non-enveloped

Question 25

Mycoplasma infections are

Answer 25

latent and usually have a chronic cause

Question 26

Mycoplasmataceae family also includes

Answer 26

ureaplasmas

Question 27

Exotoxins are of:

Answer 27

protein nature

Question 28

Endotoxin is of

Answer 28

lipid nature

Question 29

Brucellas antigens

Answer 29

Have 3 surface polysaccharide antigens marked as A, M and R

Question 30

Brucellas are (O2)

Answer 30

aerobic to microaerophilic and cause granulomatous inflammation in various organs
Facultative intracellular parasites which are able to survive in the monocytes and macrophages, penetrate through intact mucus membranes

Question 31

Model of DNA replication:

Answer 31

Watson and Crick 1953
General does not apply in the case of E. coli conjugation and bacteriophage reproduction
3’ to 5’ orientation

Question 32

Coxiella burnetir
- is transmitted by
- characterize

Answer 32

Is transmitted by dust and blood sucking insect
Is strictly intracellular microorganism and causes zoonotic Q fever
Abscesses of parenchymous organs and nervous symptoms
Survives in extracellular environment in spore-like form

Question 33

General virus properties are

Answer 33

The basic structural unit of the virion is capsid, which consists of capsomeres and protomeres
Differ from other living cells by their acellular organisation

Question 34

Catabolic reactions in bacterial cell includes

Answer 34

Hydrolysis of the bigger nutrient molecules (sugars, lipids and proteins)
Degradation of amino acids, glycerol, monosacccharides, fatty acids and other compounds to simply molecules

Question 35

Genus Maldivirus:

Answer 35

Mark disease virus in poultry belongs to this genus

Question 36

Bacillus anthracis

Answer 36

Carnivores and poultry are naturally resistant to infection
Resist phagocytosis, is able to survive intracellularly, spreads through the bloodstream, leads to septicaemia

Question 37

Yersinia
- causes:
- can:

Answer 37

Y. pseudotuberculosis causes mesentherial lymphadenitis in animals and humans
Are able to survive and multiply within the macrophages as well as salmonella
Y. enterocolitica is an invasive pathogen that penetrates the enteric mucous membrane through M cells of Peyer’s patches