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Microbiology Final > Virus questions > Flashcards

Virus questions Flashcards

(105 cards)

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1
Q

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a type of:

A

alphacoronavirus-1

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2
Q

Transmission of TGEV is by:

A

carrier animals, by ingestion of faecal material, or indirectly

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3
Q

TGEV (transmissible gastroenteritis virus) is fatal to:

A

piglets under 1 week old

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4
Q

In TGEV, diarrhea is caused due to:

A

destruction of enterocytes of small intestine

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5
Q

TGEV is associated with:

A

bovine and canine coronavirus.; v. epidemic diarrhea of pigs

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6
Q

Which viruses can cause gastroenteritis? (RCAABP)

A

Rotavirus
Calicivirus
Adenovirus
Astrovirus
Bovine coronavirus
Poxviruses

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7
Q

Enteroviruses cause:

A

Swine vesicular disease virus
Enterovirus in swine, bovine and poultry
Foot-and-mouth disease
Poliovirus: human polymyolitis virus (not particularly gastroenteritis but there have been cases)

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8
Q

Name caliciviruses (VRSNFB):

A

Vesicular exanthema of swine virus (vesivirus)
Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (lagovirus)
Sapporovirus (sapovirus)
Norwalk virus (norovirus)
Feline calicivirus (respiratory infection)
Bovine calicivirus (gastroenteritis)
* causal agents of human gastroenteritis, mice, mink and pigs

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9
Q

Bovine coronavirus belongs to:

A

beta-coronavirus 1

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10
Q

Name poxviruses and what is causes:

A
  • prolipherative focal skin lesions – zoonotic potential

Variola virus (orthopoxvirus)
- Vaccinia virus, cow poxvirus (orthopoxvirus)
- Simian poxvirus (orthopoxvirus)
- Papular bovine stomatitis virus (parapoxvirus)
Orf virus - contagious pustular dermatitis (small Ru, parapoxvirus)
Sheep and goat poxvirus (capripoxvirus)
Swine poxvirus (suipoxvirus)
Fowl poxvirus (avipoxvirus)
Myxoma poxvirus of rabbits (leporipoxvirus)

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11
Q

Name paramyxoviruses (MSMH + more):

A

Mumps rubulavirus (rubulavirus)
Sendai virus (respirovirus)
Measles virus (morbillivirus)
Hendra henipavirus (henipavirus)
- Bovine parainfluenzavirus 3 (PI-3) (respirovirus)
- Rinderpest virus (cattle) (morbillivirus)
- Peste des pestis rum virus (morbillivirus)
- Canine distemper virus (morbillivirus)
- Equine morbillivirus (morbillivirus)
- Avian avulavirus 1 Newcastle disease virus (NDV) of chickens (pseudorabies) (avulavirus)

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12
Q

Foot and mouth disease virus is a type of:

A

Aphtovirus

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13
Q

Foot and mouth disease virus (aphtovirus) is a representative of family:

A

Picornaviridae

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14
Q

Hosts of foot-and-mouth disease viruses are:

A

cloven hoofed animals and many wild ruminants

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15
Q

Not naturally susceptible to foot-and-mouth disease virus are:

A

carnivores

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16
Q

Wild ungulates may spread virus:

A

foot-and-mouth disease virus
(picornaviridae)

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17
Q

Clinical signs of bovine rotavirus are:

A

malabsorption and diarrhea

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18
Q

Bovine rotavirus can cause severe disease and death by secondary infection with:

A

E. coli and salmonella

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19
Q

Bovine rotavirus can survive for several days in:

A

faeces (main source of infection)

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20
Q

How to eliminate infection with bovine rotavirus:

A

remove animals with diarrhea

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21
Q

Bovine rotavirus is a…….. and belong to family:

A

non enveloped RNA virus, belong to family Reoviridae

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22
Q

Porcine herpesvirus 1 is a type of (V):

A

varicellovirus

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23
Q

Porcine Herpesvirus 1 causes:

A

Aujeszky’s disease or pseudorabies

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24
Q

Herpes virus lies dormant in:

A

nerve cells, trigeminal ganglion in the brain

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25
Natural and possible hosts of porcine herpes virus:
Natural - pig Possible - cattle, man, dogs, foxes and rabbits
26
Porcine herpesvirus can be transmitted by:
transplacental infection No vaccination against it
27
Scrapie is a disease of:
sheep (naturally occurring)
28
Scrapie lead to:
pathological lesions in the CNS, never fever
29
Is there horizontal spread of Scrapies?
Yes
30
Is there horizontal spread of BSE?
No
31
Which viruses are associated with chicken disease?
Circovirus - Psittacine beak and feather disease Adenoviridae - Poultry adenoviruses 1-11 - hydropericard syndrome, inclusion hepatitis. Egg drop syndrome (EDS), soft shelled and shells - less eggs Gallid herpesvirus 1 - Inf. laringotracheitis of chickens
32
Name Pestiviruses:
Causes intrauterine lifelong persistent infections - Classical European Swine Fever virus Bovine viral diarrhea virus Border disease virus in sheep
33
Myxoma virus spread infection by:
aerosol transmission
34
Which viruses replicate in nucleus (HO)?
Herpesvirus Orthomyxovirus
35
Which viruses replicate in cytoplasm (PPP)?
Poxvirus Paramyxovirus (picornavirus on lipid membranes in cytoplasm)
36
Border disease virus belongs to genus:
Pestivirus
37
Replication of Border disease virus takes place:
at the surface of endoplasmic reticulum in cytoplasmic viral factories
38
Border disease virus exists worldwide in:
sheep
39
Border disease virus can cross:
placenta and cause abortion
40
Border disease virus has .... detection of serotypes
No
41
Family Orthomyxoviridae is a type of:
influenza virus
42
Family Orthomyxoviridae comprise the genera Alphavirus and Rubivirus
Alpha-, beta-, gamma-influenza virus, thogotovirus
43
Orthomyxoviridae (influenza virus) are sensitive to:
heat, drying, detergents, disinfectants and are very labile in the external environment
44
Family Orthomyxoviridae are:
Ss, (-), linear and helical symmetry
45
Reservoirs for subtypes of Orthomyxoviridae:
Birds and swine
46
Classical European Swine Fever virus (CSFV) belongs to family and genera:
Family Flaviviridae Genus Pestivirus
47
CSFV (Classical swine fever virus) replicates primarily in the:
lymphocytes and macrophages of the tonsils
48
Rinderpest virus affect:
Payer's patches
49
CSFV has tertiary dissemination to:
CNS
50
Genuses of family paramyxoviridae (RMRA):
Respirovirus Morbillivirus Rubulavirus Avulavirus
51
Name viruses that can cause congenital infection (CHRPVE):
cytomegalovirus (CMV) herpes rubella (German measles) parvovirus varicella (chickenpox) enteroviruses
52
Family paramyxoviridae replicates:
in the cytoplasm, budding from the plasma membrane
53
Parvovirus, cytomegalovirus and fowl adenovirus 1 are DNA or RNA?
DNA viruses
54
Influenza virus C and rubella virus are DNA or RNA?
RNA viruses
55
Orthomyxoviridae and lyssavirus are + or - stranded RNA viruses?
Negatively stranded RNA viruses
56
Sheepox virus, coronavirus and flavivirus are:
positively stranded
57
Orthomyxoviridae, Hanthavirus, Rotavirus and Bunyaviridae have ........... genomes:
segmented
58
Parvovirinae, coronavirus and alphaherpesvirinae have ................................. genomes
non-segmented
59
Herpesviridae and bunyaviridae are ...................... viruses:
enveloped
60
Adenoviridae, rotavirus and parvovirinae are ................................... viruses:
non-enveloped
61
All viruses contain ................... and are .................. parasites:
contain protein and are intracellular parasites
62
Nucleocapsids from all viruses protect genome from:
nucleases
63
Vertical transmission means that:
virus can be transmitted from mother to fetus
64
Nucleocapsids is found in:
all infectious virions
65
The virus takes advantage of:
existing cell structures to replicate itself
66
WHat are the stages of the replication cycle of viruses?
1. adsorption 2. penetration 3. uncoating - physical separation 4. eclipse - virus bind and penetrate the cells 5. maturation 6. elution - release of mature virus
67
Orthomyxoviridae, fowl poxvirus and cow pox can cause infection by:
direct contact
68
Myxoma virus cause infection by:
arthropods or droplet infection
69
TGEV cause infection by.
faecal-oral transmission
70
Name viruses that cause haemorrhagic disease (OCN):
Orbivirus - deer Caliciviridae (rabbit) Nairovirus (Nairobi sheep disease, Crimean-COngo)
71
Name viruses which vaccines have been used against:
Bovine viral diarrhea virus Equine influenza virus Bovine parainfluenza virus 3 Avian infectious bronchitis virus
72
Name examples of enteroviruses (3) (SDA):
Swine vesicular disease virus duck virus hepatitis avian encephalomyelitis virus
73
Primary replication of enteroviruses:
epithelium of the mucosa of the oropharynx, small intestine
74
Name viruses which occur worldwide:
Equine viral arteritis virus Gallid herpesvirus 2 (Marek's disease) Border disease virus (Pestivirus) Bovine viral diarrhea virus
75
Bovine SPongiform ENcephalopathy is a disease caused by:
feeding cattle ruminant protein supplements in the form of meat and bone meal produced by rendering animal waste
76
After adsorption, the virus..:
penetrate the plasma membrane and enter host cell
77
The entire process from adsorption to final uncoating may take:
minutes to several hours
78
Name viruses spread by bodily secretions (5):
Porcine parvovirus Feline calicivirus Hepatitis A Rinderpest virus Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus
79
Retroviruses only survive for:
a few hours outside the host
80
Retroviruses can produce:
tumours
81
Retroviruses spread by ........... transmission:
horizontal
82
Retroviruses differ from other RNA viruses because they:
synthesize mRNA and replicate their genome by means of DNA intermediates
83
Bovine rhinovirus is resistant to:
ether
84
Origin of respiratory diseases are (APAE):
avian influenza virus porcine circovirus adenovirus equine herpesvirus 1
85
Name pathogenic viruses of cats and dogs:
parvoviridae and astroviridae
86
Name a pathogenic virus of cats:
cow pox (Orthopoxvirus) - skin condition
87
Name a pathogenic virus of dogs:
adenovirus
88
Lyssavirus belong to family:
Rhabdoviridae
89
Rabies is a disease of the genus:
Lyssavirus
90
Transmission of rabies is usually by
bite or break in the skin
91
Duck virus hepatitis belong to genus........ and family.......
Genus: Avihepadnavirus Family: Hepadnaviridae
92
Duck virus hepatitis causes disease in:
ducklings over 3 months old (older birds are naturally resistant)
93
Duck virus hepatitis persists in
environment, and is excreted by faeces
94
Viruses disinfectiveness relies in:
cellular organization and pattern of reproduction
95
The nucleocapsid of viruses is composed of:
a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA), held within a capsid (protein coat)
96
Function of capsid is:
to protect viral genetic materials and aid its transfer between host cells
97
Name positive stranded RNA viruses: (RA)
Rubivirus Astroviridae
98
Virues are classified according to:
The host they infect The presence of an envelope Type of nucleic acid Intracellular location of viral replication
99
Name example of cytopathic effect:
Alteration of membrane permeability Alteration of host cell translation Degenerative changes in cells associated with the multiplication of certain viruses Lysis of host cell
100
mRNA is transcribed from:
DNA by host enzymes (except poxvirus)
101
DNA replication usually occurs in
host cell nucleus
102
Retroviruses have an:
RNA dependant DNA polymerase of revert transcriptase
103
Mechanisms of virion release differ between:
naked and enveloped viruses
104
Naked virions appear to be released more often by:
host cell lysis
105
After synthesizing DNA, the revert transcriptase copies this strand to produce a:
double-stranded DNA called proviral DNA

Microbiology Final (9 decks)

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