This gland is not a specific pheromone producer gland
- Rabbit’s face gland
- Gerbil’s umbilical gland
- Dogs circumanal gland
- Hamsters hip gland
- Rabbits face gland is not a specific pheromone producer gland
Which is not a method for genetic quality control of lab animals?
- Skin transplantation
- SSLP (micro-satellite)
- Back gross breeding
- Biomedical markers
- Back gross breeding is not a method for genetic quality control of lab animals
Drawback of preference tests:
Animal choose the base of short term conditions
Which measurement is used to express energy requirement of laboratory animals?
Metabolic body weight
Sentinels are …
Animals used to evaluate a groups health status
Which method would you use to get 1ml of blood from a rat?
Cardiac puncture
You cannot buy this type of diet from a commercial supplier
- Commercial pellet
- Chemically defined diet
- Liquid diet
- Gel
- Chemically defined diet can not be bought form a commercial supplier
Not alpha-2-agonist:
- Xilazine
- Detomidine
- Romofidine
- Tolmetine
- Tolmetine is not an alpha-2-agonist
Not inherited disease of rat
- Deaf
- Hypo-acidosis
- Diabetes
- Obesity
- Hypo-acidosis is not an inherited disease in rats
The basic method of rodent phenotyping is to look for..?
Chromosoma test
Not part of refinement of animal experimentation
- Alternatives to animal use
- Genetic homogeneity
- Health status
- Proper defined diet
- Alternatives to animal use is not part of refinement of animal experimentation
Which animals are covered by 63/2010 EEC directive?
Vertebrates and cephalipodes
GLP not concerned about conditions under which laboratory
- Are build
- Studies are planned
- Research are preformed
- Studies are recorded and reported
- Are build
Which species can die after oral penicillin treatment?
Guinea pig
Important mechanism of nutriogenomics
Changing the signalling pathway
Acute toxicity test has invasiveness category of … pain
Severe
Maintenance energy requirements of laboratory animals
0.45MJ DE x W^0.75
This disease is not a zoonosis
- Lymphatic choriomeningitis of mice
- Salmonellosis
- Listeriosis
- Ringtail
- Ringtail is not a zoonosis
The recommended nutrient allowances
Ensure the reproduction and longevity of the animals
Cannot be stage of mouse genital and urinary syndrome
- Ulceration
- Bacteraemia
- Infammation
- Mating overload
- Ulceration is not a stage of mouse genital and urinary syndrome
Quarantine period is not determined by
- Health status of animals
- Number of animals
- Species
- Purpose of use
- Number of animals
Which species has a tied skin, so cannot grab it without causing pain to the animal
Guinea pig
Not physical euthanasia method
- Maceration
- T61
- Cervical dislocation
- Decapitation
- Maceration is not a physical euthanasia method
Which species is not a member of Rodentia genus
- Golden hamster
- Gerbil
- Marmoset
- Guinea pig
- Marmoset is not a ember of Rodentia genus
OECD do not deal with questions about
- Validation of in vitro methods
- GLP
- Co-ordination of toxicological databases
- Validation of national laws
- Validation of in vitro methods
Gerbil is a good model for
Epilepsy aorta
The animal cannot be examined with ultrasound
- Rabbit
- Golden hamster
- Guinea pig
- Dog
- Golden hamster cannot be examined with ultrasound
Not true for chronic mycoplasmosis of mice
- Agent is Mycoplasma pulmonis
- 12-18 day old puppies are most disposed
- Can appear with Sendau virus
- Zoonosis
- Zoonosis
The closest species to Syrian hamster in taxonomy is …
Gerbil
Good species to use for auditory research
Chinchilla
Breeding technique which is not used to maintain an out-bred stock
- Random breeding
- MAI
- Brother-sister mating
- Cross-breeding
- Brother-sister mating
It can be used for intra-dermal injection
Mice ear
Pasteurella pneumotropica does not attack
- Brain
- Uterus
- Prostate
- Lung
- Brain
Environmental enrichment should not be done …
- For the benefit of the animal
- With the sense of animals
- Just for human fun
- With some unpredictability
- Just for human fun
How do you restrain a gerbil?
Hand around the chest
Who will decide on institute level if an animal experiment was necessary or not?
Ethical committee (Animal Welfare Body)
It is not a zoonosis
- Hataan virus disease
- Sendai virus disease
- Salmonellosis
- Lymphocytic-Chorio Meningitis (LCM)
- Sendai virus disease
This female embryo in a rat will achive breeding maturity (M=month)
1M
The basic method of rodent sexing is to look for
Ano-genital distance
The recommended nutrient allowances…
Ensure the optimum functioning of the animals
Maintenance energy requirements of laboratory animals and for extrapolation of dosage use:
W 0.75
The main body of Laboratory Animal Science of the World is
CLAS
What “environmental Enrichment” mean in laboratory?
To give bedding material or toys to experimental animal if possible
Feeding rancid feed and/or vitamin E deficient feed may cause …
Dermatitis
Zabradanio is
Omnivore
It is an alternative use of animals in experiments
Database search and meta-analysis
Which 3 words called the 3 R’s by Russel and Burch?
Reduction, Replacement, Refinement
It is not true about euthanasia
- Must be performed by researcher or other trained person
- Should be used if an animal would suffer in an experiment
- Should be planned in experimental protocol
- Can be used to get large amount of blood out of an animal
- Can be used to get large amount of blood out of an animal
(2 was marked as correct : should be used if an animal would suffer in an experiment ??)
What does “knock out animal” mean?
Transgenic animal
Which method would you use to get a drop of blood from mice
Retro-orbital puncture
Which name indicated an outbred stock?
…Ir:NMRI
You cannot use this method for euthanasia on rat
- Ketamine
- Decapitation
- Cervical dislocation with weight limit
- CO2
- Ketamine
What is the best equiptment to maintain a transgenic colony in?
Base colony in different countries
Which species has only provoked (stimulated) ovulation?
Ferret
Which species has only provoked (stimulated) ovulation?
Ferret
What does the expression “inbred strain” mean?
Brother-sister mating through at least 20 generations
Which species is the best in atherosclerosis research?
WHHL-rabbit
Notes - Gerbil
You can find a “sacculus rotundus or ampulla ilei” in the
Rabbit
This gland is a specific pheromone producer gland
Hamsters lateral gland
Which species has a gall bladder?
Golden hamster
What does SPF mean?
Specific Pathogen Free
How would you restrain a rat for per-oral dosing?
By grabbing the skin on the back and neck
Which sentence is not true about “environmental enrichment”
- All possibitilies should be done to improve animal’s well-being what the experiment allows
- Always should be evaluated on cross-benefit base
- A nest material is an example for that
- Device in case that animal can control
- Device in case that animal can control
Gnotobiotic (=Axenic) animals are …
Germ free
What does rederivation mean?
Production of germ-free strain by embryo transfer
In the prectice, it is not possible to produce germ-free colony from this species
- Rat
- Duck
- Golden hamster
- Rabbit
- Duck
Which would be the best feeding regime in an experiment?
Ad libitum
What is well-being?
State of physiological and psychological harmony of the animal with its internal and external environment
Which vein can be used for IV injection in ferret?
Jugilar vein
How would you restrain a rabbit?
By grabbing as much skin as possible on back
You cannot use this method for euthanasia on new-born, nest-linving animals
- Cutting the neck
- Cervical dislocation
- CO2 inhalation
- Electric stunning
- CO2 inhalation
Which method would you use to get 10mL of blood from an adult rat?
Preparation of abdominal aorta
Which mouse strain is sensitive to Pneumocystis carini?
Swiss
Which is not necessary before transport of rodents?
- Clinical examination
- Fasting
- Ear printing
- Acclimatisation
- Fasting
When this phenomenon disappears, the narcosis ends with death
Cornea reflex
It is not true about euthanasia
- Should be cheap
- Should achieve rapid unconciousness and death
- Shoud be safe for user
- Should be simple to administer
- Should be cheap
one is not true about the co-isogenic strains
- It can only be maintained in a homozygous form
- The new gene is the product of natural maturation
- The name contains the strain/sub-strain and the symbol of the mutant gene
- The co-isogenic strain only differs by one gene from the original one
- It can only be maintained in a homozygous form
Dog is not good model for
- Tumor-cancer research
- Cardiovascular atherosclerosis
- Leptospirosis
- Epilepsy
- Cardiovascular atheroclerosis
Mini-pig has a live weight of
20-45 kg
Experimental design cannot be
- Cross-over design
- Latin square design
- Cross-breeding
- Factorial design
- Cross-breeding
The basal cicadian rhythm is
Dependent form the gene expression of a protein
Melatonin is produced by the …
Pineal gland
This species mostly used in viral respiratory reserach
Ferrets
A chronic stress can cause this type of behaviour
Apathy / aggression
Which environment is good for animals
Classical music
Which tissue is the least sensitive to suffering?
Brain tissue
The naked model rat has an extra-ordinary long life span because of …
Special hyaluronan which prevent cancer
The co-efficient on inbreeding (F)
Means the fraction of the genes that get fixed in a homozygous state
It is inherited disease of some mouse strains
Deafness
Which is a member of Pox viridae?
Ectomelia virus
Ringtail is caused by…
Too low relative humidity
Not part of refinement of animal experimentation
- Health status
- Analgesia
- Anvironmental enrichment
- Hair color
- Hair color
The hearing range of rodents
0.5/1 - 100/120 kHz
Which species has 1 pair teats?
Guinea pig
Which species has a “peg” (double incosors) teeth?
Rabbit
The two important words for animals concerning the pain feeling (Weiss-trail)
Predictability and controllability
Mouse pox is
Caused by Ectomelia
It is not a physical euthanasia method
- Cooling in refrigerator
- T61
- Cervical dislocation
- Cacapacitation
- Coolig in refrigerator
The African clawed for (Xenopus)
Shows mating behaviour after Hcg injection
The axolotl is not
- Carnivorous
- Capable off regenerating list limbs completely
- Reaches adulthood after a complete metamorphosis
- Has a long life span (8-10 years)
- Reaches adulthood after a complete metamorphosis
Laboratory animals (except the guinea pig) usually adjust their feedintake to satisfy their …
Energy reqirement
The role of PPAR is to …
Burn fats
One of the following has no anti-cancer effect
- Iron
- Resveratrol
- CLA
- Green tea
- Iron
One of them is an important mechanism of epigenomics
Methylation of DNA
Zebrafish has a life-span of … years
6-8 (3-5 according to the internet)
One of them has no role in epigenomics
- Sulfurization
- DNA-methylation
- Change of base in DNA
- Histon acetylation
- Change of base in DNA
The role of … is a fine regulation of the protein synthesis in the cell
miRNA / siRNA
In some cases the epigenetic changes may be inherited
If the effect(s) acts during the germ-cell proliferation (“time window”)
You can find neoteny at
Axolotl
Pheromones are detected by
VNO
One is true about teh ferret
We can prevent the constant estrus by using GnRH agonist implants
The cephalopods …
Are under the protection of the 2010/63/EU Directive since 2013
Always consider using F1 hybrid because
Neither
Neither their biological response is more variable than the parental strains, nor their biological response is more uniform than the parental strains
One of the statements is true
Animals in an outbred stock are anisogenic
A chromorhnydachrrhea is …
Vitamin A deficiency
It can go through the uteral wall
2 correct answers:
- Mouse mammary tumour
- LCM
Carbohydrate ingestion
Stimualte the fatty acid sunthase gene expression
May increase the mitochondria number
Resveratrol
The most used model for drug metabolism study for humans
Macaco
Describe the naked model rat as an animal model
- Have a gene which conserves collagen
- Do not age
- Do not get tumours
- Life-span of 20-30 years
- Complex social system and hierarchy
- Best model for aging and cancer studies
Explain the pain scoring system for Glires
Describe the evaluation of the Glires pain categories
0 points = none
1 point = mild
2 points = moderate
3 points = severe
Based on appearance, behaviour, pulse, appetite/drinking, cardiovascular, digestive and nervous systems
0-4 = normal
5-9 = needs analgesia
10-14 = moderate pain, possible need to terminate trial
15-20 = not physiological, stop experiment!
Explain the epigenetics mechanism of action
- Modifications eg. Methylation, histone acetylation, which protect DNA and modify which genes are expressed or silenced
- Do not change the genome itself
- May be inherited
- Influenced by outside stimuli, eg. nutritional status
Give the meaning of the pyramid conception with exapmles.
Shortly describe the pyramid conception, with examples
- Computer - Synthertize compounds
- Bacteria - Test for teratogenicity
- Cell culture - Eliminate harmful compounds
- Invertebrates
- Fish
- Mammals
- Non-human primates
- Humans (can be more steps in between)
