Pasteurellaceae practical Flashcards
(37 cards)
1
Q
PASTEURELLACEAE: General
A
1. Habitat: • mucous membranes (respiratory way, genitals, alimentary tract) 2. Morphology: • 0.5-2 µm coccoid rods 3. Staining: • Gram-negative • bipolar staining 4. Culture: • fastidious (yeast extract, blood, pH-susceptibility) • aerobic – facultative anaerobic 5. Biochemistry: • catalase +, • oxidase +, • fermentative • toxin production by some species 6. Antigens • cell wall antigens • capsule antigens 7. Resistance: • weak 8. Pathogenicity: • facultative pathogens
2
Q
PASTEURELLA: General
A
1. Habitat: • mucous membranes (respiratory tract) 2. Morphology: • 0.5-2 µm coccoid rods 3. Staining: • Gram negative • bipolar staining 4. Culture: • fastidious • yeast extract, blood, • pH-susceptibility • colony types • M-S-R colonies • smell 5. Biochemistry: • catalase +, • oxidase +, • fermentative • cytotoxin production •P. multocida D, (dermonecrotoxin) • P. multocida subspecies: -biochemical differences 6. Antigens • P. multocida • cell wall • 16 (Heddleston system), 11 (Namioka system) • capsule • A, B, D, E, F 7. Resistance: • weak
3
Q
P. multocida A, D
A
ruminants, swine pneumonia,
rabbit septicaemia, pneumonia,
fowl cholera
4
Q
P. multocida D
A
atrophic rhinitis of swine
5
Q
P. multocida B, E
A
haemorrhagic septicaemia
6
Q
P. pneumotropica
A
lab. rodents pneumonia, dog, cat oral cavity
7
Q
P. aerogenes
A
alimentary tract of swine, abortion
8
Q
P. canis, P. dagmatis, P. stomatis
A
dog, cat: oral cavity, bite
9
Q
P. caballi
A
horse respiratory infection
10
Q
MANNHEIMIA, BIBERSTEINIA: General
A
1. Habitat: • mucous membranes (resp.) 2. Morphology • 0.5-2 µm coccoid rods 3. Staining: • Gram negative • bipolar staining 4. Culture: • fastidious • yeast extract, blood, pH-susceptibility • β hemolysis 5. Biochemistry: • catalase +, • oxidase +, • fermentative • leukotoxin production 6. Antigens • cell wall • capsule • M. haemolytica 12 types • B. trehalosi 4 types
11
Q
M. (P.) haemolytica (P. haemolytica A):
A
- ruminants pneumonia,
- lamb septicaemia,
- mastitis,
- arthritis
12
Q
B. trehalosi (P. haemolytica T, P. trehalosi) :
A
acute systemic pasteurellosis of feedlot lambs
13
Q
ACTINOBACILLUS: General
A
1. Habitat: • alimentary tract, respiratory and genital ways, mucous membrane Species: • A. lignieresii • A. equuli • A. suis • A. seminis • A. ureae • A. pleuropneumoniae
14
Q
A. lignieresii: General
A
1. Habitat: • cattle, sheep oral cavity, rumen 2. Morphology: • 1-1.2 µm rods, filaments, • sulphur granules in lesions (like: actinomycosis) 3. Staining: • Gram negative, bipolar 4. Culture: • aerobic, facultative anaerobic, • poor growth on nutrient agar, • sticks to the agar 5. Biochemistry: • catalase +, • oxidase +, • fermentative, 6. Antigens: • cell wall antigens, 6 serogroups 7. Resistance:
15
Q
A. lignieresii
A
cattle, sheep, swine actinobacillosis
16
Q
A. equuli: General
A
1. Habitat: • horse, swine alimentary tract, tonsils, respiratory tract 2. Morphology: • 1-2 µm rod, filaments 3. Staining: • Gram negative 4. Culture: • large, viscous colonies • some strains can haemolyse 5. Resistance: • weak
17
Q
- A. equuli subsp. equuli
* A. equuli subsp. haemolyticus
A
- both subspecies cause the same disease
- foal:
- septicaemia, nephritis, pneumonia, arthritis
- horse:
- pyosepticaemia,
- swine:
- septicaemia, arthritis
18
Q
A. suis: General
A
1. Habitat: • swine mucous membranes (respiratory and genital tract) 2. Staining, morphology • Gram negative rods 3. Culture: • blood agar, • β haemolysis
19
Q
A, suis
A
swine pneumonia, septicaemia, metritis
suckling piglet: septicaemia
20
Q
A. seminis: General
A
- Habitat:
• mucous membranes of the genital tract of rams, semen - Culture:
• 10% CO2 blood agar
21
Q
A. seminis
A
facultative pathogenic, inflammation of the accessory glands,
epididymitis, abortion
22
Q
A. (Pasteurella) ureae
A
human respiratory way
human upper respiratory infection
23
Q
A. pleuropneumoniae: General
A
1. Morphology: • coccoid, short rods, some strains fimbria 2. Culture: • fastidious, • ß haemolysis • blood agar, chocolate agar with yeast extract • biotypes: NAD (V factor) demand • biotype 1: V-factor demand • satellitism, NAD, fresh yeast extract • biotype 2: V-factor is not needed 3. Biochemistry: • Apx I-II-III-IV cytotoxin produced 4. Antigens: • 16 serogroups 5. Resistance: • weak
24
Q
A. pleuropneumoniae
A
swine haemorrhagic-necrotic pleuropneumonia
25
HAEMOPHILUS, AVIBACTERIUM
```
1. Habitat:
• mucous membranes of humans and animals (respiratory, genital)
2. Morphology:
• 0.5-2 µm coccoid rods, filaments, (fimbria)
3. Staining:
• Gram negative
4. Culture:
• fastidious,
• additives
• haem (X-factor):
• blood
• NAD (V-factor):
• satellitism, NAD, fresh yeast extract,
• some species need 10-15 % CO2
5. Biochemistry:
• examination is difficult
6. Antigens:
• cell wall antigens
• capsule antigens
7. Resistance:
weak
8. Pathogenicity:
facultative pathogenic
```
26
H. influenzae
human upper respiratory ways, meningitis
27
H. parasuis
* V factor demand,
* 15 serotypes
* porcine polyserositis (Glässer’s disease)
28
Avibacterium (H.) paragallinarum
* CO2 and V factor demand,
* 3 serogroups, 9 subgroups
* infectious coryza of hens
29
HISTOPHILUS
```
1. Habitat:
• urogenital mucous membranes, respiratory way
2. Staining, morphology:
• Gram negative rods
3. Culture:
• fastidious
• X, V factor not needed,
• CO2-demand
```
30
Histophilus: Pathogenicity
* facultative pathogenic,
* cattle
* septicaemia,
* thromboembolic meningoencephalitis (TEME),
* calf pneumonia,
* abortion
* mastitis
* sheep:
* epididymitis-orchitis,
* abortion,
* mastitis,
* lamb septicaemia
31
Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale: General
```
1. Habitat:
• some bird species (turkey, chicken) upper respiratory ways
2. Morphology:
• 1-3 µm rods
3. Staining:
• Gram negative,
• bipolar
4. Culture:
• fastidious, blood agar
• 10% CO2
5. Biochemistry:
• catalase -,
• oxidase +,
6. Resistance:
• weak
```
32
Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale
* facultative pathogenic,
| * turkey, chicken bronchitis
33
Riemerella anatipestifer: General
```
1. Habitat:
• water fowl upper respiratory ways
2. Morphology:
• 1-3 µm rods
3. Staining:
• Gram negative,
• bipolar
4. Culture:
• fastidious, chocolate agar
• 10% CO2
5. Biochemistry:
• extra cellular enzymes,
• proteolytic
6. Resistanc
```
34
Riemerella anatipestifer
* facultative pathogenic,
| * anatipestifer disease in water fowl
35
Taylorella (H.) equigenitalis: General
```
1. Habitat:
• mucous membranes of the genitals of stallions,
• clitoris of mares
2. Morphology, staining:
• Gram negative coccoid rods, filaments
3. Culture:
• fastidious
• X and V factor not needed, CO2-demand,
```
36
Taylorella (H.) equigenitalis
CEM: contagious equine metritis
37
Identification of an unknown bacterium culture
1. Inoculation on appropriate media
2. Selection of suspected colonies, production of pure cultures
3. Examination of cultural characteristics and colony morphology
4. Primary tests
• Gram staining, spores
• Examination of movement
• Catalase production
• Oxidase production
• Oxidative – fermentative test (glucose, aerobic/anaerobic prop.)
• Identification of the genus or family
4. Secondary tests
• Examination of enzymes and products of the carbohydrate
metabolism
• Examination of enzymes and products of the nitrogen metabolism
• Detection of extra cellular enzymes
5. Identification of the bacterium
6. Examination of antibiotic resistance
