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Unit 4 JG > Path > Flashcards

Path Flashcards

1
Q

vasculitis: small vessel vasculitis with P-ANCA against (proteinase 3/myeloperoxidase)

A

myeloperoxidase (P is perinuclear)

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2
Q

vasculitis: small vessel vasculitis with C-ANCA against (proteinase 3/myeloperoxidase)

A

proteinase 3 (C is cytoplasmic)

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3
Q

vasculitis: what type of bacteria invades the endothelial cells, smooth muscles, and capillaries?

A

Rickettsia

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4
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) large and small vessels, mucous membranes of many organs, oral and genital ulcers, ocular inflammation

A

Behcet. Treat with corticosteroids

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5
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) medium and small arteries of distal arms and legs, gangrene, painful ulceration, smoking

A

thromboangiitis obliterans, Buerger disease (polyphenols from tobacco elicit antibodies, 25-40 year olds)

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6
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) small and medium arteries, arterioles, veins. Granulomas and eosinophilic infiltrates, asthma, P-ANCA

A

Churg Strauss (young pts with asthma, tx with corticosteroids)

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7
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) aortic arch and branches

A

Takayasu Arteritis

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8
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) coronary arteries

A

Kawasaki Disease

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9
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) inflammation of vasa vasorum requires differentiation from syphilis

A

Takayasu

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10
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) women under 30, pulseless disease if subclavian arteries are affected, vision disturbances

A

Takayasu

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11
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) acute necrotizing, infection with parvovirus/bacteria, fever, rash, conjunctival and oral lesions, LAD

A

Kawasaki

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12
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) children, parvovirus infection

A

Kawasaki

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13
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) aka Temporal arteritis

A

Giant Cell

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14
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) 70% C-ANCA, 10% P-ANCA, men age 50-60

A

Wegener

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15
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) medium and small arteries, sometimes large arteries, vigorous acute inflam response, necrosis, thrombosis, infarcts, aneurysm in large arteries

A

polyarteritis nodosa

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16
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) clinical findings in kidneys, heart, muscle, skin. Occurs in HBV, HCV, HIV patients

A

polyarteritis nodosa (treat with corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide)

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17
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) P-ANCA, smallest arteries and arterioles, reaction to foreign materials/drugs/infection

A

Hypersensitivity microscopic angiitis

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18
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) cutaneous purpuric lesions, complication is renal involvement

A

hypersensitivity microscopic angiitis

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19
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) usually benign and self limited, 70 years mean onset, cranial arteries, aorta and branches

A

giant cell. giant cells distributed at internal elastic lamina

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20
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) nodular thickening of lumen, increased risk in HLA-DR4

A

giant cell. temporal pain, treat with corticosteroids

21
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) small and medium arteries/veins, necrosis, lesions of nose/sinuses/lungs/kidney

A

Wegener (granulomatous inflammation)

22
Q

Monckeberg medial sclerosis is characterized by calcification of (smallest and small/small and medium/medium and large/large and largest) arteries of older pts who are not otherwise affected by atherosclerosis

A

large and medium arteries

23
Q

symptoms of Monckeberg medial sclerosis

A

usually asymptomatic

24
Q

most major factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (systemic HTN/hyperlipidemia)

A

hyperlipidemia

25
(thrombin/plasmin) involved in fibrinolysis
plasmin
26
pt with an unrepaired ASD may develop (paradoxical embolism/pulmonary HTN)
pulm HTN--narrowing of pulm vasculature, R to L shunt
27
large VSD can lead to _____ syndrome
Eisenmenger
28
(subendocardial/transmural) MI's occur as a consequence of hypoperfusion of the heart secondary to poor coronary blood flow, often in the setting of hypotension
subendocardial
29
(subendocardial/transmural) MI's follow occlusion of a major coronary artery
transmural
30
(viral myocarditis/rheumatic heart disease) associated with focal inflammatory lesions found in various tissues, most distinctive in the heart, termed "Aschoff bodies"
rheumatic heart disease
31
_____ syndrome reflects the release of active tumor products and features diarrhea, flushing, bronchospasm, and skin lesions
carcinoid
32
carcinoid heart disease typically affects which two valves in the heart
pulmonic and tricuspid
33
(restrictive/constrictive) pericarditis is a chronic fibrosing disease of the pericardium that compresses the heart and restricts inflow. It results from an exuberant healing response
constrictive
34
tricuspid (insufficiency/stenosis) secondary to bacterial endocarditis is one of the most common complications of IV drug abuse
insufficiency
35
complications of bacterial PNA include spread of infection to (blood/bronchi/interstitial space/pericardium/pleural space), pulm abscess, pulm fibrosis
pleural space (empyema)
36
____ is a loculated collection of pus with fibrous walls that follows the spread of bacterial infection to the pleural space. thick, foul smelling fluid
empyema
37
pulmonary infection with ______ (bacteria) is common as a superinfection after influenza, occurs in chronically ill patients who are prone to aspiration or who are intubated
staph aureus
38
lobar PNA: (Strep pneumoniae/Klebsiella pneumoniae) MCC of community acquired PNA and secondary PNA, seen in middle aged adults and elderly
strep
39
lobar PNA: (Strep pneumoniae/Klebsiella pneumoniae) aspirated enteric flora, seen in nursing homes, alcoholics, diabetics, currant jelly sputum
klebsiella. often complicated by abscess
40
broncho PNA: (S aureus/H influenzae/P aeruginosa/Legionella) often complicated by abscess or empyema
S aureus
41
broncho PNA: (S aureus/H influenzae/P aeruginosa/Legionella) leads to exacerbation of COPD
H influenzae
42
broncho PNA: (S aureus/H influenzae/P aeruginosa/Legionella) in CF patients
P aeruginosa
43
broncho PNA: (S aureus/H influenzae/P aeruginosa/Legionella) best visualized by silver stain, macrophage infiltrate
Legionella--contaminated water source
44
interstitial (atypical) PNA: (mycoplasma/chlamydia/resp syncytial virus/CMV/C burnetti) a rickettsial organism that causes PNA, Q fever, does not produce a skin rash
C burnetti
45
interstitial (atypical) PNA: (mycoplasma/chlamydia/resp syncytial virus/CMV/C burnetti) young adults, MCC of atypical PNA, cold hemolytic anemia, IgM, erythema multiforme
mycoplasma (no gram stain due to lack of cell wall)
46
interstitial (atypical) PNA: (mycoplasma/chlamydia/resp syncytial virus/CMV/C burnetti) 2nd MCC of atypical PNA in young adults
chlamydia
47
interstitial (atypical) PNA: (mycoplasma/chlamydia/resp syncytial virus/CMV/C burnetti) MCC of atypical PNA in infants
RSV
48
interstitial (atypical) PNA: (mycoplasma/chlamydia/resp syncytial virus/CMV/C burnetti) posttransplant immunosuppressive therapy
CMV
49
MAI often occurs in AIDS patients due to depletion of CD4 T cells, characterized by an extensive pulmonary infiltrate of (eosinophils/macrophages/mast cells)
macrophages

Unit 4 JG (5 decks)

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