Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pathology > Path MD2 > Flashcards

Path MD2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most commonly affected coronary artery in MI?

A

LAD - Left anterior descending coronary artery (50%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Blockage in LAD would cause an MI where?

A

Anterior wall of LV, anterior septum, & apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the 2nd most commonly affected coronary artery in MI?

A

RCA - Right coronary artery (30-40%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the RCA supply?

A

In 90% of people, it supplies the posterior-inferior LV wall and posterior 2/3 of interventricular septum, posterior-inf. RV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is another less commonly affected coronary artery in MI?

A

Circumflex coronary artery (10-20%)Comes from the Left coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the circumflex artery supply?

A

Lateral LV (except apex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When is the earliest you can identify an MI via pallor?

A

8-12 hours after infarct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Histology of MI

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an atherosclerotic plaque composed of?

A

Cells (SMC, fibroblast, macrophages, leukocyte)Connective tissue: collagen, elastin, fibrin, proteoglycansLipid: intracellular/extracellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are complications of coronary atherosclerosis?

A

* Critical stenosis of lumen * Acute thrombosis * Hemorrhage into plaque * Aneurysm & rupture of wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 2 major types of acute MI?

A

Subendocardial (10%): Necrosis limited to inner 1/3 - 1/2 of myocardium (mau be due to global reduction in perfusion or single vessel occlusion) * Multifocal, patchy, circumferential, coronary thrombosis rare, often due to hypotension/shock, No epicarditis, Don’t form aneurysms or lead to ventricular rupture Transmural (90%): Necrosis involves basically entire myocardial wall thickness (usually single vessel occlusion) * Unifocal, solid, in distribution of specific coronary artery, coronary thrombosis common, often cause shock, Epicarditis common, May result in aneurysm/ventricular rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe a remote (healed) MI macroscopically

A

Characterized by scar tissue where normal myocardium replaced by fibrous CTNormally, scar tissue is firm, white, and ventricular wall thinned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the evolution of morphologic changes in MI over time

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is ventricular rupture?When is it most common?3 types & consequences?

A

Due to weakening of myocardium (due to necrosis & progressive removal of necrotic tissue) following transmural infarctionMost common 3-5 days after MITypes: free wall rupture (hemopericardium, tamponade); septal rupture (L to R shunt); Papillary muscle rupture of mitral valve (acute valvular insufficiency)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a ventricular aneurysm?

A

Due to remote MI composed of fibrous tissue (non-contractile). Weakened ventricle lead to out pouching of thinned ventricle. May cause blood stasis –> mural thrombus within aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which part of the aorta is most affected by atherosclerosis?

A

Infra-renal abdominal aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is an aortic dissection?What is it associated with?How do you differentiate the types?

A

Dissection of blood within wall of aorta - causing blood-filled channel. Blood from dissection may cause 2nd distal tear in intima -> double lumen aortaAssoc. with HTN, disorders of CT (Marfan’s syndrome)Type A (occurs before aortic arch), type B (occurs after arch)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the most commonly affected coronary artery in MI?

A

LAD - Left anterior descending coronary artery (50%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Blockage in LAD would cause an MI where?

A

Anterior wall of LV, anterior septum, & apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the 2nd most commonly affected coronary artery in MI?

A

RCA - Right coronary artery (30-40%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the RCA supply?

A

In 90% of people, it supplies the posterior-inferior LV wall and posterior 2/3 of interventricular septum, posterior-inf. RV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is another less commonly affected coronary artery in MI?

A

Circumflex coronary artery (10-20%)Comes from the Left coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does the circumflex artery supply?

A

Lateral LV (except apex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When is the earliest you can identify an MI via pallor?

A

8-12 hours after infarct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Histology of MI
26
What is an atherosclerotic plaque composed of?
Cells (SMC, fibroblast, macrophages, leukocyte)Connective tissue: collagen, elastin, fibrin, proteoglycansLipid: intracellular/extracellular
27
What are complications of coronary atherosclerosis?
\* Critical stenosis of lumen \* Acute thrombosis \* Hemorrhage into plaque \* Aneurysm & rupture of wall
28
What are the 2 major types of acute MI?
Subendocardial (10%): Necrosis limited to inner 1/3 - 1/2 of myocardium (mau be due to global reduction in perfusion or single vessel occlusion) \* Multifocal, patchy, circumferential, coronary thrombosis rare, often due to hypotension/shock, No epicarditis, Don't form aneurysms or lead to ventricular rupture Transmural (90%): Necrosis involves basically entire myocardial wall thickness (usually single vessel occlusion) \* Unifocal, solid, in distribution of specific coronary artery, coronary thrombosis common, often cause shock, Epicarditis common, May result in aneurysm/ventricular rupture
29
Describe a remote (healed) MI macroscopically
Characterized by scar tissue where normal myocardium replaced by fibrous CTNormally, scar tissue is firm, white, and ventricular wall thinned
30
Describe the evolution of morphologic changes in MI over time
31
What is ventricular rupture?When is it most common?3 types & consequences?
Due to weakening of myocardium (due to necrosis & progressive removal of necrotic tissue) following transmural infarctionMost common 3-5 days after MITypes: free wall rupture (hemopericardium, tamponade); septal rupture (L to R shunt); Papillary muscle rupture of mitral valve (acute valvular insufficiency)
32
What is a ventricular aneurysm?
Due to remote MI composed of fibrous tissue (non-contractile). Weakened ventricle lead to out pouching of thinned ventricle. May cause blood stasis --\> mural thrombus within aneurysm
33
Which part of the aorta is most affected by atherosclerosis?
Infra-renal abdominal aorta
34
What is an aortic dissection?What is it associated with?How do you differentiate the types?
Dissection of blood within wall of aorta - causing blood-filled channel. Blood from dissection may cause 2nd distal tear in intima -\> double lumen aortaAssoc. with HTN, disorders of CT (Marfan's syndrome)Type A (occurs before aortic arch), type B (occurs after arch)
35
What is the most commonly affected coronary artery in MI?
LAD - Left anterior descending coronary artery (50%)
36
Blockage in LAD would cause an MI where?
Anterior wall of LV, anterior septum, & apex
37
What is the 2nd most commonly affected coronary artery in MI?
RCA - Right coronary artery (30-40%)
38
What does the RCA supply?
In 90% of people, it supplies the posterior-inferior LV wall and posterior 2/3 of interventricular septum, posterior-inf. RV
39
What is another less commonly affected coronary artery in MI?
Circumflex coronary artery (10-20%)Comes from the Left coronary artery
40
What does the circumflex artery supply?
Lateral LV (except apex)
41
When is the earliest you can identify an MI via pallor?
8-12 hours after infarct
42
Histology of MI
43
What is an atherosclerotic plaque composed of?
Cells (SMC, fibroblast, macrophages, leukocyte)Connective tissue: collagen, elastin, fibrin, proteoglycansLipid: intracellular/extracellular
44
What are complications of coronary atherosclerosis?
\* Critical stenosis of lumen \* Acute thrombosis \* Hemorrhage into plaque \* Aneurysm & rupture of wall
45
What are the 2 major types of acute MI?
Subendocardial (10%): Necrosis limited to inner 1/3 - 1/2 of myocardium (mau be due to global reduction in perfusion or single vessel occlusion) \* Multifocal, patchy, circumferential, coronary thrombosis rare, often due to hypotension/shock, No epicarditis, Don't form aneurysms or lead to ventricular rupture Transmural (90%): Necrosis involves basically entire myocardial wall thickness (usually single vessel occlusion) \* Unifocal, solid, in distribution of specific coronary artery, coronary thrombosis common, often cause shock, Epicarditis common, May result in aneurysm/ventricular rupture
46
Describe a remote (healed) MI macroscopically
Characterized by scar tissue where normal myocardium replaced by fibrous CTNormally, scar tissue is firm, white, and ventricular wall thinned
47
Describe the evolution of morphologic changes in MI over time
48
What is ventricular rupture?When is it most common?3 types & consequences?
Due to weakening of myocardium (due to necrosis & progressive removal of necrotic tissue) following transmural infarctionMost common 3-5 days after MITypes: free wall rupture (hemopericardium, tamponade); septal rupture (L to R shunt); Papillary muscle rupture of mitral valve (acute valvular insufficiency)
49
What is a ventricular aneurysm?
Due to remote MI composed of fibrous tissue (non-contractile). Weakened ventricle lead to out pouching of thinned ventricle. May cause blood stasis --\> mural thrombus within aneurysm
50
Which part of the aorta is most affected by atherosclerosis?
Infra-renal abdominal aorta
51
What is an aortic dissection?What is it associated with?How do you differentiate the types?
Dissection of blood within wall of aorta - causing blood-filled channel. Blood from dissection may cause 2nd distal tear in intima -\> double lumen aortaAssoc. with HTN, disorders of CT (Marfan's syndrome)Type A (occurs before aortic arch), type B (occurs after arch)
52
# 1 What is the most commonly affected coronary artery in MI?
LAD - Left anterior descending coronary artery (50%)
53
# 1 Blockage in LAD would cause an MI where?
Anterior wall of LV, anterior septum, & apex
54
# 1 What is the 2nd most commonly affected coronary artery in MI?
RCA - Right coronary artery (30-40%)
55
# 1 What does the RCA supply?
In 90% of people, it supplies the posterior-inferior LV wall and posterior 2/3 of interventricular septum, posterior-inf. RV
56
# 1 What is another less commonly affected coronary artery in MI?
Circumflex coronary artery (10-20%)Comes from the Left coronary artery
57
# 1 What does the circumflex artery supply?
Lateral LV (except apex)
58
# 1 When is the earliest you can identify an MI via pallor?
8-12 hours after infarct
59
# 1 Histology of MI
60
# 1 What is an atherosclerotic plaque composed of?
Cells (SMC, fibroblast, macrophages, leukocyte)Connective tissue: collagen, elastin, fibrin, proteoglycansLipid: intracellular/extracellular
61
# 1 What are complications of coronary atherosclerosis?
\* Critical stenosis of lumen \* Acute thrombosis \* Hemorrhage into plaque \* Aneurysm & rupture of wall
62
# 1 What are the 2 major types of acute MI?
Subendocardial (10%): Necrosis limited to inner 1/3 - 1/2 of myocardium (mau be due to global reduction in perfusion or single vessel occlusion) \* Multifocal, patchy, circumferential, coronary thrombosis rare, often due to hypotension/shock, No epicarditis, Don't form aneurysms or lead to ventricular rupture Transmural (90%): Necrosis involves basically entire myocardial wall thickness (usually single vessel occlusion) \* Unifocal, solid, in distribution of specific coronary artery, coronary thrombosis common, often cause shock, Epicarditis common, May result in aneurysm/ventricular rupture
63
# 1 Describe a remote (healed) MI macroscopically
Characterized by scar tissue where normal myocardium replaced by fibrous CTNormally, scar tissue is firm, white, and ventricular wall thinned
64
# 1 Describe the evolution of morphologic changes in MI over time
65
# 1 What is ventricular rupture?When is it most common?3 types & consequences?
Due to weakening of myocardium (due to necrosis & progressive removal of necrotic tissue) following transmural infarctionMost common 3-5 days after MITypes: free wall rupture (hemopericardium, tamponade); septal rupture (L to R shunt); Papillary muscle rupture of mitral valve (acute valvular insufficiency)
66
# 1 What is a ventricular aneurysm?
Due to remote MI composed of fibrous tissue (non-contractile). Weakened ventricle lead to out pouching of thinned ventricle. May cause blood stasis --\> mural thrombus within aneurysm
67
# 1 Which part of the aorta is most affected by atherosclerosis?
Infra-renal abdominal aorta
68
# 1 What is an aortic dissection?What is it associated with?How do you differentiate the types?
Dissection of blood within wall of aorta - causing blood-filled channel. Blood from dissection may cause 2nd distal tear in intima -\> double lumen aortaAssoc. with HTN, disorders of CT (Marfan's syndrome)Type A (occurs before aortic arch), type B (occurs after arch)

Pathology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions