Pathogen and Disease Flashcards
What causes an infectious disease?
directly by a pathogen or a toxin made by a pathogen
What are some communicable diseases?
- influenza
- HIV/AIDS
- tetanus
What are bacteria?
single celled living organisms
Give two ways in which a diseases are spread from one person to another?
By air
Direct Contact
Give two ways in which a diseases are spread from one plant to another?
By water
By air
Explain how pathogen are passed from one organism to another in humans?
When you are ill, you expel tiny droplets full of pathogens from your breathing system when you breathe, talk or sneeze. Other people breathe in the droplets along with the pathogens, so pick up the infection.
Explain how pathogens are passed from one organism to another in plants?
Animals can act as vectors by carrying a pathogen between infected and uninfected organisms.
How do pathogens make you feel ill?
Bacteria rapidly divide by splitting in two (binary fusion). They may produce toxins that can affect our body and make us feel ill.
Name four types of pathogens:
- protists
- bacteria
- fungi
- viruses
Describe and explain the main differences between bacteria and viruses, and how they cause disease?
Bacteria are single - celled living organisms
Viruses are even smaller than bacteria
Bacteria divide rapidly by splitting in two (binary fusion)
Viruses take over body cells and reproduce inside them.
Bacteria may produce toxins or directly damage body cells.
Viruses damage and destroy cells.
Examples of air transmitted infections:
- flu
- tuberculosis
- common cold
How are sexually transmitted infections spread?
by direct contact of the skin
How do pathogens such as HIV/AIDS enter the body?
direct sexual contact, cuts, scratches and needle punctures- access to blood
